利用计算机断层扫描对现代南非人头颅性别二形性进行形态学探索。

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, LEGAL International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1007/s00414-024-03283-3
Gabriele Christa Krüger, Richard L Jantz, Elizabeth van der Walt, Zarina I Lockhat, Ericka N L'Abbé
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有必要不断重新评估法医人类学分析的标准,尤其是在探索新方法或人口发生变化时。南非印地安人并不是南非人口的新成员;然而,医学院收藏的可供分析的骨骼材料很少,这导致缺乏有关颅骨性别二形性的信息。为了获得可比数据,除了南非印第安人之外,还包括现代南非黑人、有色人种和白人的计算机断层扫描。对 408 名现代南非人(性别和人口分布相同)的四种颅骨形态特征进行了评估。评估数据时使用了频率、卡方检验、二元逻辑回归和随机森林模型。在所有人群中,男性比女性更健壮,南非白人男性最健壮,南非黑人女性最婀娜。在大多数群体中,至少有两个变量存在人群差异,因此有必要建立针对特定人群的二元逻辑回归方程。只有南非白人和有色人种没有明显差异。在二元逻辑回归(94.1%)和随机森林建模(95.7%)中,印度裔南非人的正确分类率最高,有色人种南非人的正确分类率最低(分别为 88.8% 和 88.0%)。本研究描述了当前南非人口中四种颅骨形态特征的性别二态性模式,以及用于估计南非黑人、有色人种、印度人和白人性别的二元逻辑回归函数。
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A morphoscopic exploration of cranial sexual dimorphism among modern South Africans using computed tomography scans.

Continual re-evaluation of standards for forensic anthropological analyses are necessary, particularly as new methods are explored or as populations change. Indian South Africans are not a new addition to the South African population; however, a paucity of skeletal material is available for analysis from medical school collections, which has resulted in a lack of information on the sexual dimorphism in the crania. For comparable data, computed tomography scans of modern Black, Coloured and White South Africans were included in addition to Indian South Africans. Four cranial morphoscopic traits, were assessed on 408 modern South Africans (equal sex and population distribution). Frequencies, Chi-squared tests, binary logistic regression and random forest modelling were used to assess the data. Males were more robust than females for all populations, while White South African males were the most robust, and Black South African females were the most gracile. Population differences were noted among most groups for at least two variables, necessitating the creation of populations-specific binary logistic regression equations. Only White and Coloured South Africans were not significantly different. Indian South Africans obtained the highest correct classifications for binary logistic regression (94.1%) and random forest modelling (95.7%) and Coloured South Africans had the lowest correct classifications (88.8% and 88.0%, respectively). This study provides a description of the patterns of sexual dimorphism in four cranial morphoscopic traits in the current South African population, as well as binary logistic regression functions for sex estimation of Black, Coloured, Indian and White South Africans.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
165
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Legal Medicine aims to improve the scientific resources used in the elucidation of crime and related forensic applications at a high level of evidential proof. The journal offers review articles tracing development in specific areas, with up-to-date analysis; original articles discussing significant recent research results; case reports describing interesting and exceptional examples; population data; letters to the editors; and technical notes, which appear in a section originally created for rapid publication of data in the dynamic field of DNA analysis.
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