巴哈马因飓风而流离失所的模式:建设小岛屿发展中国家的公平复原力

IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Climate Risk Management Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.crm.2024.100634
Stacy-ann Robinson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全球评估中,小岛屿发展中国家(SIDS)因灾流离失所的范围和严重程度往往没有报告或报告不足,原因是受灾总人数低于既定的阈值。此外,各种国际救援机构编制的灾后评估报告往往提出相互矛盾的证据,而且大多不能提供关于国家和国家以下一级流离失所的空间和时间模式的实质性见解,特别是关于某些地区、社区和人口随着时间的推移所面临的不成比例的风险。本文是对加勒比海小岛屿发展中国家--巴哈马--因飓风而流离失所的案例研究。文章从公开的全球灾害数据库、国家政府部门和机构提供的天气报告和灾后报告以及报纸文章中获取数据,对数据进行了三角分析。该报告以定性为主,根据灾害(风、风暴潮、洪水)、风险(受到不利影响的人员、生计、资产等)和脆弱性(受到不利影响的倾向或倾向性)对 2004 年至 2019 年期间巴哈马群岛的飓风风险进行了综合分析,提供了现有的最佳证据。报告发现,三个时期的 11 次飓风在 17 个主要岛屿中的一个或多个造成了流离失所。在确定新出现的空间和时间模式时,报告为巴哈马提出了两种可供选择的核心-外围模式。这些模型不仅更准确地说明了这些岛屿对飓风的暴露程度和敏感性,而且还强调了应考虑的地理因素,这些因素是小岛屿发展中国家未来计划、行动、战略或政策的基础,这些计划、行动、战略或政策旨在建立对飓风和其他气候加剧的水文气象事件的公平复原力。
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Patterns of hurricane induced displacement in The Bahamas: Building equitable resilience in small island developing states

The extent and severity of disaster displacement in small island developing states (SIDS) often go unreported or underreported in global assessments due to the total number of affected people falling below established thresholds. Additionally, post-disaster assessments prepared by various international relief agencies often present conflicting evidence, and largely do not offer substantial insights into national and subnational spatial and temporal patterns of displacement, particularly with respect to the disproportionate risk that certain localities, communities and populations face over time. This article is a case study of hurricane induced displacement in a Caribbean SIDS – The Bahamas. It triangulates data from a publicly-available global disaster database, weather and post-disaster reports from national government departments and agencies, and newspaper articles. Its qualitative-dominant synthesis represents the best available evidence of hurricane risk across the archipelago between 2004 and 2019, organized according to hazard (winds, storm surge, flooding), exposure (people, livelihoods, assets etc. adversely affected), and vulnerability (the propensity or predisposition for adverse impacts). It finds that 11 hurricanes across three periods caused displacement in one or more of the 17 major islands. In identifying the emerging spatial and temporal patterns, it proposes two alternative core-periphery models for The Bahamas. These models not only provide a more accurate account of the islands’ exposure and sensitivity to hurricanes, but also highlight the geographical factors that should be considered as the basis for future plans, actions, strategies or policies that seek to build equitable resilience to these and other climate-amplified hydrometeorological events in SIDS.

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来源期刊
Climate Risk Management
Climate Risk Management Earth and Planetary Sciences-Atmospheric Science
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
30 weeks
期刊介绍: Climate Risk Management publishes original scientific contributions, state-of-the-art reviews and reports of practical experience on the use of knowledge and information regarding the consequences of climate variability and climate change in decision and policy making on climate change responses from the near- to long-term. The concept of climate risk management refers to activities and methods that are used by individuals, organizations, and institutions to facilitate climate-resilient decision-making. Its objective is to promote sustainable development by maximizing the beneficial impacts of climate change responses and minimizing negative impacts across the full spectrum of geographies and sectors that are potentially affected by the changing climate.
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