Binghao Zhao, Longping Yao, Maryam Hatami, Wenbin Ma, Thomas Skutella
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引用次数: 0
摘要
胶质瘤是中枢神经系统(CNS)中最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤,但缺乏有效的治疗方法,60%以上的病例为胶质母细胞瘤(GBM),这是一种侵袭性最强的肿瘤。尽管免疫疗法取得了进展,但胶质母细胞瘤的抗药性仍然很强。针对肿瘤抗原的方法加快了免疫疗法的发展,包括个性化肿瘤特异性疫苗、患者特异性靶点选择、树突状细胞(DC)疫苗以及嵌合抗原受体(CAR)和 T 细胞受体(TCR)T 细胞。最近的研究表明,治疗 GBM 和低级别胶质瘤 (LGG) 的效果很好,这为未来的免疫疗法带来了希望。本综述讨论了针对胶质瘤的肿瘤疫苗、免疫学研究中的临床前模型以及 CD4+ T 细胞在疫苗诱导的抗肿瘤免疫中的作用。我们还总结了临床方法、挑战和未来研究,以创造更有效的疫苗。
Vaccine-based immunotherapy and related preclinical models for glioma.
Glioma, the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system (CNS), lacks effective treatments, and >60% of cases are glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive form. Despite advances in immunotherapy, GBM remains highly resistant. Approaches that target tumor antigens expedite the development of immunotherapies, including personalized tumor-specific vaccines, patient-specific target selection, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR) T cells. Recent studies show promising results in treating GBM and lower-grade glioma (LGG), fostering hope for future immunotherapy. This review discusses tumor vaccines against glioma, preclinical models in immunological research, and the role of CD4+ T cells in vaccine-induced antitumor immunity. We also summarize clinical approaches, challenges, and future research for creating more effective vaccines.
期刊介绍:
Trends in Molecular Medicine (TMM) aims to offer concise and contextualized perspectives on the latest research advancing biomedical science toward better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human diseases. It focuses on research at the intersection of basic biology and clinical research, covering new concepts in human biology and pathology with clear implications for diagnostics and therapy. TMM reviews bridge the gap between bench and bedside, discussing research from preclinical studies to patient-enrolled trials. The major themes include disease mechanisms, tools and technologies, diagnostics, and therapeutics, with a preference for articles relevant to multiple themes. TMM serves as a platform for discussion, pushing traditional boundaries and fostering collaboration between scientists and clinicians. The journal seeks to publish provocative and authoritative articles that are also accessible to a broad audience, inspiring new directions in molecular medicine to enhance human health.