A two-stage optimization method of power supply scheme of on-board supercapacitor-powered tram

Aiming at the power supply scheme (PSS) of the on-board supercapacitor-powered tram, considering the cost and margin of the PSS, a two-stage method is designed to optimize the layout of the charging stations and the configuration of the supercapacitor (SC). First, the SC-powered tram model and stable cycle operation model are established, and a two-stage optimization problem model with the lowest PSS cost and the largest SC margin is established. Then, an improved dual-population differential evolution algorithm is designed, and the layout of charging stations and the configuration of SC are co-optimized in the first stage, and then the layout of charging stations is optimized again in the second stage. The simulation results show that co-optimization can obtain a lower cost of PSS, and furthermore, the layout of charging stations can be optimized again to effectively improve the margin of SC, thereby improving the matching degree between the layout of charging stations and the connection scheme of SC.