Trial of thyroid auto-transplantation after total thyroidectomy in benign thyroid diseases

Background: Thyroid auto transplantation was introduced after the success of parathyroid auto transplantation. Heterotopic thyroid autotransplantation is a technique that preserves viable thyroid tissue in the body after total thyroidectomy, which may revascularize and restore thyroid function. Thyroid autotransplantation can help avoid lifetime thyroid hormone replacement therapy, which may have some drawbacks such as disruption of lipid metabolism, coronary heart disease, non-compliance, and malabsorptionThyroid autotransplantation can also preserve the inner auto-regulatory mechanism of thyroid hormone production, which can adjust to the body’s needsThyroid autotransplantation can prevent reoperation at the site of previous neck surgery in cases of recurrent goiters or hyperthyroidism, which can be associated with a high rate of complications. heterotopic thyroid autotransplantation is still not a popular technique and there is limited data on its long-term outcomes and safety. Some studies have reported satisfactory results in terms of survival and function of the thyroid implant, but the number of patients and the follow-up periods were very low. There are also some challenges and controversies regarding the optimal site, size, and number of the grafts, as well as the indications and contraindications of this procedure.