Mineralogical Characteristics of Color-Changing Garnet and the Effect of Light Path Length on Color

The color-changing garnet displays the “alexandrite effect”, changing from green in daylight to purplish-red under incandescent light. The mineralogical characteristics of color-changing garnet is analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, an electron probe, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The color of garnets with different thicknesses was calculated using the International Commission on Illumination (CIE 1976) L*a*b* uniform color system. The results revealed the presence of rutile inclusions in color-changing garnet. Strong absorption in both the blue-violet zone and orange-yellow zone was the main cause for the color-changing effect of garnet. The distribution pattern of rare earth elements (REE) was left-leaning, showing the enrichment of heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and depletion of light rare earth elements (LREE). As the total Cr and V concentrations increased, the area of the 574 nm absorption peak in the UV-Vis spectrum also increased, leading to a more significant variation in color ΔE*ab. The light path length of the gemstone had a significant impact on the extent of the color-changing effect. The color difference reached a maximum and the color-changing effect was most visible when the thickness of the gemstone was 5 mm.