François Roman, Wivine Burny, Maria Angeles Ceregido, Béatrice Laupèze, Stéphane T Temmerman, Lucile Warter, Margherita Coccia
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引用次数: 0
摘要
简介:随着人们对新型佐剂在预防复杂病原体引起的高危人群疾病方面的作用有了越来越多的了解,新型佐剂在人类疫苗中的应用也在不断扩大。AS01 是一系列基于脂质体的疫苗佐剂系统,含有两种免疫刺激剂:3-O-去乙酰基-4'-单磷脂 A 和皂苷 QS-21。含 AS01 的疫苗已获得批准,并在全球范围内接种了数百万人:在此,我们报告了在了解 AS01 作用模式方面取得的进展,这些进展促进了预防疟疾、带状疱疹和呼吸道合胞病毒疾病的有效疫苗的开发。AS01 可诱导早期先天性免疫激活,从而诱导 T 细胞介导的反应和抗体介导的反应,并具有优化的功能特性和诱导免疫记忆。含 AS01 的疫苗似乎相对不受基线免疫状态的影响,因此在不同人群中都有很高的疗效。目前获得许可的含 AS01 疫苗在临床试验和上市后环境中表现出可接受的安全性:专家意见:最初人们期望 AS01 佐剂能够支持有效的疫苗反应并有助于疾病控制,但这一期望已经实现。目前正在研究 AS01 在疫苗中的作用,以预防结核病等其他具有挑战性的疾病,同时还在努力充分确定其在不同疫苗环境中的作用机制。
Adjuvant system AS01: from mode of action to effective vaccines.
Introduction: The use of novel adjuvants in human vaccines continues to expand as their contribution to preventing disease in challenging populations and caused by complex pathogens is increasingly understood. AS01 is a family of liposome-based vaccine Adjuvant Systems containing two immunostimulants: 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A and the saponin QS-21. AS01-containing vaccines have been approved and administered to millions of individuals worldwide.
Areas covered: Here, we report advances in our understanding of the mode of action of AS01 that contributed to the development of efficacious vaccines preventing disease due to malaria, herpes zoster, and respiratory syncytial virus. AS01 induces early innate immune activation that induces T cell-mediated and antibody-mediated responses with optimized functional characteristics and induction of immune memory. AS01-containing vaccines appear relatively impervious to baseline immune status translating into high efficacy across populations. Currently licensed AS01-containing vaccines have shown acceptable safety profiles in clinical trials and post-marketing settings.
Expert opinion: Initial expectations that adjuvantation with AS01 could support effective vaccine responses and contribute to disease control have been realized. Investigation of the utility of AS01 in vaccines to prevent other challenging diseases, such as tuberculosis, is ongoing, together with efforts to fully define its mechanisms of action in different vaccine settings.
期刊介绍:
Expert Review of Vaccines (ISSN 1476-0584) provides expert commentary on the development, application, and clinical effectiveness of new vaccines. Coverage includes vaccine technology, vaccine adjuvants, prophylactic vaccines, therapeutic vaccines, AIDS vaccines and vaccines for defence against bioterrorism. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review.
The vaccine field has been transformed by recent technological advances, but there remain many challenges in the delivery of cost-effective, safe vaccines. Expert Review of Vaccines facilitates decision making to drive forward this exciting field.