Efficiency of UAV-assisted cellular networks under jamming scenarios

The wireless signal that intentionally disrupts the communication is described as the jamming signal. Clustered jamming is the use of jamming signals of the devices that are clustered in groups, whereas non-clustered jamming refers to the use of the jamming signals of the spatially distributed devices that are un-clustered. The efficiency of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted cellular networks compromises in the presence of clustered as well as non-clustered jammers. Furthermore, the UAV's antenna 3D beam-width vibrates due to strong atmospheric wind, atmospheric pressure, or mechanical noise influencing UAV-assisted networks' efficiency. Thus, the efficiency characterization of UAV-assisted networks considering jamming and beam-width variations is essential. This paper concentrates on the efficiency of the user equipment's connection with the line-of-sight (LOS) UAV, non-LOS UAV, and cellular base station in terms of association, coverage, and spectrum in the presence of clustered as well as non-clustered jammers and beam-width variations. For a network consisting of jammers and beam-width variations, the analytical expressions are derived to assess the user's association and coverage efficiency. The results show that the network's efficiency decreases drastically with the increasing beam-width variations. Moreover, the non-clustered jamming reduces the efficiency of the networks much more when compared with the clustered jamming. Therefore, to enhance the efficiency of the system; network designers need to consider implementing advanced anti-jamming techniques for a system employing non-clustered jamming and UAV antenna beam-width variations.