{"title":"ICMR 增强型三功放仪表放大器","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mejo.2024.106342","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The three-operational amplifiers (three-opamp) structure is a widely used topology to design precision instrumentation amplifiers (IAs). However, the input common-mode range (ICMR) of the classical three-opamp IA is limited to the output voltage range of the internal operational amplifiers, resulting in the output voltage range being constrained by the input common-mode voltage. This article proposes an ICMR-enhanced three-opamp topology, which constructs a common-mode feedback (CMFB) loop at the first stage of the IA, enabling the first stage has the capability of common-mode rejection. Hence, the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA overcomes the limitation of ICMR, eliminates the constraint of the output voltage range and improves the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The proposed circuit was designed and simulated using complementary bipolar process. The simulation results showed that the output voltage range remains constant regardless of the input common-mode voltages, the CMRR is greater than 150 dB, and the Gain Bandwidth Product (GBW) was 4.1 MHz. The advantages of the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA will enable its use in more environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49818,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879239124000468/pdfft?md5=5fc710a9fd171c502f7eb7cb0709cd5c&pid=1-s2.0-S1879239124000468-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An ICMR-enhanced three-opamp instrumentation amplifier\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.mejo.2024.106342\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The three-operational amplifiers (three-opamp) structure is a widely used topology to design precision instrumentation amplifiers (IAs). However, the input common-mode range (ICMR) of the classical three-opamp IA is limited to the output voltage range of the internal operational amplifiers, resulting in the output voltage range being constrained by the input common-mode voltage. This article proposes an ICMR-enhanced three-opamp topology, which constructs a common-mode feedback (CMFB) loop at the first stage of the IA, enabling the first stage has the capability of common-mode rejection. Hence, the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA overcomes the limitation of ICMR, eliminates the constraint of the output voltage range and improves the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The proposed circuit was designed and simulated using complementary bipolar process. The simulation results showed that the output voltage range remains constant regardless of the input common-mode voltages, the CMRR is greater than 150 dB, and the Gain Bandwidth Product (GBW) was 4.1 MHz. The advantages of the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA will enable its use in more environments.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49818,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microelectronics Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879239124000468/pdfft?md5=5fc710a9fd171c502f7eb7cb0709cd5c&pid=1-s2.0-S1879239124000468-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microelectronics Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879239124000468\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microelectronics Journal","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879239124000468","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
三运算放大器(three-opamp)结构是设计精密仪表放大器(IA)时广泛采用的拓扑结构。然而,经典三运算放大器的输入共模范围(ICMR)受限于内部运算放大器的输出电压范围,导致输出电压范围受到输入共模电压的限制。本文提出了一种 ICMR 增强型三运算放大器拓扑结构,它在放大器的第一级构建了一个共模反馈(CMFB)回路,使第一级具有共模抑制能力。因此,所提出的 ICMR 增强型三功放 IA 克服了 ICMR 的限制,消除了输出电压范围的约束,并提高了共模抑制比 (CMRR)。所提出的电路采用互补双极工艺进行设计和仿真。仿真结果表明,无论输入共模电压如何变化,输出电压范围保持不变,CMRR 大于 150 dB,增益带宽积(GBW)为 4.1 MHz。拟议的 ICMR 增强型三功放 IA 的优势将使其能够在更多环境中使用。
An ICMR-enhanced three-opamp instrumentation amplifier
The three-operational amplifiers (three-opamp) structure is a widely used topology to design precision instrumentation amplifiers (IAs). However, the input common-mode range (ICMR) of the classical three-opamp IA is limited to the output voltage range of the internal operational amplifiers, resulting in the output voltage range being constrained by the input common-mode voltage. This article proposes an ICMR-enhanced three-opamp topology, which constructs a common-mode feedback (CMFB) loop at the first stage of the IA, enabling the first stage has the capability of common-mode rejection. Hence, the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA overcomes the limitation of ICMR, eliminates the constraint of the output voltage range and improves the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The proposed circuit was designed and simulated using complementary bipolar process. The simulation results showed that the output voltage range remains constant regardless of the input common-mode voltages, the CMRR is greater than 150 dB, and the Gain Bandwidth Product (GBW) was 4.1 MHz. The advantages of the proposed ICMR-enhanced three-opamp IA will enable its use in more environments.
期刊介绍:
Published since 1969, the Microelectronics Journal is an international forum for the dissemination of research and applications of microelectronic systems, circuits, and emerging technologies. Papers published in the Microelectronics Journal have undergone peer review to ensure originality, relevance, and timeliness. The journal thus provides a worldwide, regular, and comprehensive update on microelectronic circuits and systems.
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