Press Mud: A Promising Resource for Green Energy Production as Fertilizer, Fuel and Feed

Utilization of agroindustrial waste, such as press mud from the sugar industry, presents a compelling opportunity to address both economic and environmental concerns. Press mud is obtained during sugarcane juice clarification, is rich in sugar, minerals, and nutrients, making it a valuable resource for various applications. Since it is rich in nutrient, primarily press mud is used as manure for crop growth such as rice, maize, and wheat especially sugarcane. It increases the higher quality, yield, shoot, and root length. Press mud is mixed with bioinoculants, inorganic fertilizer, and it also contains native inoculum. It reduces the usage of chemical fertilizer. In addition to fertilizer, press mud is also used as biofuel, with detailed exploration into its conversion into biogas, biocompressed natural gas, and hydrogen, providing renewable resource, cost effective, eco-friendly alternatives, and contributions. Press mud role as an animal feed is delved into showcasing its inclusion in diets for layers, swine, broilers, and lambs and demonstrating its potential to reduce expenses without compromising growth. The economic, energetic, and environmental feasibility of these processes are discussed, highlighting the potential of press mud to contribute significantly to sustainable energy solutions. Sugarcane press mud is positioned as a versatile and valuable resource through this comprehensive exploration, offering solutions to waste management, agricultural enhancement, and sustainable energy production. The widespread adoption of press mud utilization is advocated by the findings, promoting a holistic approach to address both agricultural and environmental challenges. In future days, press mud can be explored as potential bioinoculant, renewable sources, and viable alternative feed.