癌症中的挥发性有机化合物和呼出气体检测技术。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1016/bs.acc.2024.06.012
Xinyuan Zhou, Manqing Qi, Mingqi Tang, Shifang Wen, Zhenjie Xue, Tie Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

检测呼气中的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 已成为癌症早期筛查的一种潜在方法。虽然这种方法已引起科学界和医学界越来越多的关注,但在临床环境中还没有得到明显的推广。主要障碍有两个。其一是识别特定的生物标志物或其组合,特别是在早期癌症中。另一个障碍是缺乏具有适当灵敏度和特异性的呼吸分析专用设备。本章利用代谢组学研究癌症患者呼气中的气体生物标记物、癌细胞气体代谢物和合成生物标记物的研究策略。我们简要探讨了七种癌症的气体生物标记物,并介绍了检测原理和临床应用。重点介绍了大型分析仪器和小型传感器技术。介绍了挥发性有机化合物分析面临的挑战,包括临床应用、萃取和检测、微型化努力以及挥发性有机化合物代谢途径的检查。最后,总结了癌症中的挥发性有机化合物和呼出气体检测技术,并探讨了未来前景。
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Volatile organic compounds in cancer and exhaled breath detection technology.

The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath has become a potential method for early cancer screening. Although this approach has attracted increasing attention from the both scientific and medical communities, it has not received appreciable traction in the clinical setting. There are two main obstacles. One involves the identification of specific biomarkers or combinations thereof especially in early cancer. The other is the lack the specialized equipment for breath analysis having the appropriate sensitivity and specificity. Using metabolomics, this chapter examines the research strategies involving gas biomarkers in cancer patient breath, cancer cell gas metabolites and synthetic biomarkers. We briefly explore gas biomarkers of seven cancers and introduce principles of detection and clinical application. Large analytical instruments and small sensor technology are highlighted. Challenges to VOC analysis are presented including clinical use, extraction and detection, miniaturization efforts and examination of metabolic VOC pathways. Finally, VOCs in cancer and in exhaled breath detection technology are summarized and future prospects explored.

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