景观、人口和扩散参数影响水生生物入侵的传播和建立

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.4967
Kelly J. MacDonald, Shawn J. Leroux, Craig F. Purchase
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引用次数: 0

摘要

以人类为媒介的物种引进正在造成全球动植物群的生物同质化。尽管进行了大量研究,但我们仍然缺乏简单的方法来预测引入物种将如何以及在哪里传播和定居,尤其是在水生生态系统中具有复杂生活史的物种。我们预测,只需利用入侵种群的特征,特别是物种的生长速度和扩散能力,就能建立传播模型。此外,我们还预测,引入物种的建立应该可以用接受生态系统的特征来解释。以纽芬兰岛的褐鳟(Salmo trutta)入侵为例,我们利用从文献中收集的褐鳟种群数据拟合并测试了反应扩散模型。接下来,我们使用统计模型来评估一系列非生物变量(电导率、pH 值、浊度、钙)、生物变量(大西洋鲑的出现)和景观变量(流域地形、流域面积、与最初引入地的距离)对褐鳟建立模式(即存在-不存在)的影响。我们发现,在纽芬兰观测到的沿岸扩散速度很慢(约 4.4 公里/年),而且位于根据文献中的生长率和移动估计值(预测扩散范围为 1.4 至 92 公里/年)建立的反应扩散模型参数化预测范围的下限。此外,我们也没有发现非生物变量或生物变量与褐鳟鱼形成之间存在关系的证据。不过,我们确实观察到,与鳟鱼引入点的距离和河口面积等景观变量可以解释纽芬兰南部海岸的建立模式。我们的研究结果表明了使用特定种群参数的重要性,以及将普遍适用于所有生物入侵的区域景观因素(如到引入点的距离)与入侵者的生态学特性(如河口区域)相结合的必要性。我们的研究阐明了导致具有复杂生活史的水生物种缓慢入侵的机制,并揭示了未来的研究需要整合多种方法来阐明入侵的过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Landscape, demographic, and dispersal parameters influence the spread and establishment of an aquatic biological invasion

Human-mediated species introductions are contributing to the biotic homogenization of global flora and fauna. Despite extensive research, we lack simple methods of predicting how and where an introduced species will spread and establish, particularly in species with complex life histories in aquatic ecosystems. We predict that spread can be modeled simply using the characteristics of the invading population, specifically species growth rate and dispersal capacity. In addition, we predict that the establishment of introduced species should be explained by the characteristics of the receiving ecosystem. Using the brown trout (Salmo trutta) invasion on the Island of Newfoundland as a case study, we fit and test a reaction–diffusion model with brown trout population data collected from the literature. Next, we use statistical models to assess the influence of a suite of abiotic (conductivity, pH, turbidity, calcium), biotic (Atlantic salmon occurrence), and landscape (watershed relief, watershed area, distance to original introduction) variables on brown trout establishment (i.e., presence–absence) patterns. We find that observed coastal spread in Newfoundland is slow (~4.4 km/year), and that it lies on the lower end of the range of predictions made by the reaction–diffusion model parameterized based on the estimates of growth rate and movement from the literature (predicted spread range 1.4 to 92 km/year). Also, we did not find evidence for a relationship between abiotic or biotic variables and brown trout establishment. However, we did observe that landscape variables of the distance to trout introduction point and estuary area may explain establishment patterns along the south coast of Newfoundland. Our results suggest the importance of using population-specific parameterization and the need to integrate regional landscape factors that are generally applicable across biological invasions (e.g., distance to introduction), and those that are more specific to the ecology of the invader (e.g., estuary area). Our study contextualizes the mechanisms that contribute to a slow invasion by an aquatic species with a complex life history and reveals that future studies need to integrate a variety of methods to elucidate the processes governing invasions.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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