老年糖尿病患者的药物和营养相互作用。

Drug-nutrient interactions Pub Date : 1988-01-01
D A Roe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

老年糖尿病患者用药比其他老年患者多。他们的多种药物使用在很大程度上可以解释为他们为治疗原发疾病并发症而服用的药物;这些药物包括治疗大血管疾病的心血管药物和治疗继发性感染的抗生素。他们还服用更多的药物来控制与糖尿病的发生和发展有关的其他病因,包括降压药、降脂药和类固醇,以及非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs),这些药物用于缓解关节疼痛,这种疼痛因关节关节炎而加重。老年糖尿病患者服用的导致药物-营养相互作用高发的药物包括作为抗糖尿病药物服用的药物,包括胰岛素和磺脲类药物以及钙通道阻滞剂;它们还包括噻嗪类药物、循环利尿剂、磺胺类药物、头孢菌素类抗生素、四环素类药物、抗真菌药物、胆胺和胆甾醇、烟酸、强的松和其他皮质类固醇以及非甾体抗炎药。这些药物和药物组合增加了高血糖的风险,这可能导致老年人的非酮症高血糖;低血糖的危险,在老年人中有诱发假性脑卒中的危险;抗脂药和头孢菌素引起的药物性营养缺乏的风险,这可能导致维生素K缺乏;急性不相容反应的风险,包括氯丙胺、烟酸和钙通道阻滞剂引起的脸红反应;以及非甾体抗炎药引起水肿、贫血和高钾血症的风险。(摘要删节250字)
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Drug and nutrient interactions in the elderly diabetic.

Elderly diabetics take more drugs than other groups of elderly patients. Their multiple drug use is largely explained by the drugs that they take for complications of their primary disease; these include cardiovascular drugs for macrovascular disease and antibiotics for secondary infections. They also take more drugs for control of other conditions that are etiologically associated with the development and progression of their diabetes, including antihypertensive agents, antilipemic agents and steroids, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are taken for relief of joint pain that is intensified by arthritic joints bearing excess weight. Drugs taken by elderly diabetics that contribute to the high prevalence of drug-nutrient interactions include those taken as antidiabetic agents, including both insulin and sulfonylureas as well as calcium channel blockers; they also include thiazides, loop diuretics, sulfa drugs, cephalosporin antibiotics, tetracyclines, antifungal agents, cholestyramine and colestipol, niacin, prednisone and other corticosteroids, and NSAIDs. These drugs and drug combinations contribute to the risk of hyperglycemia, which can cause nonketotic hyperglycemia in the elderly; to the risk of hypoglycemia, which in the elderly carries the risk of inducing pseudo-stroke; to the risk of drug-induced nutritional deficiencies from antilipemics and cephalosporins, which can induce vitamin K deficiency; to the risk of acute incompatibility reactions, including flush reactions from chlorpropamide, niacin, and calcium channel blockers; and to the risk of edema, anemia, and hyperkalemia from NSAIDs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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