derum(胡桃树皮)提取物对口腔粘膜的影响:基于兔模型上皮不典型性的体内研究

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Saudi Dental Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI:10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.015
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的 德鲁姆是胡桃树(Juglans regia)的树皮,一直被用作传统的洁齿剂,咀嚼后可使口腔粘膜、舌头和嘴唇呈现紫色。研究表明,长期接触德鲁姆提取物会影响口腔上皮,导致上皮发育不良。本体内研究的目的是评估在兔子口腔黏膜上局部施用德鲁姆的不同持续时间和频率所导致的上皮发育不良程度。因此,动物被分为四组(A - 每天涂抹脱脂剂/B - 3 天涂抹一次脱脂剂/C - 阳性对照组和隔天涂抹丙酮组/D - 阴性对照组)和三个批次(I - 60 天/II - 120 天/III - 180 天)。动物被处死,制备口腔活组织并在光学显微镜下进行检查。根据 Smith 和 Pindborg 上皮发育不良组织学分级系统(1969 年),使用上皮不典型性指数(EAI)评估上皮变化的程度。在阳性对照组中也发现了类似的结果,A 组得分最高,其次是 B 组,长期使用德鲁姆的趋势很强。只有使用德鲁姆 180 天的 A 组出现了中等程度的变化。根据统计,长期使用德鲁姆(A 组和 B 组 180 天/批次 III),无论使用频率如何,其 EAI 平均得分都明显高于所有其他组或批次。建议进一步研究德鲁姆在口腔黏膜中的暴露时间,以记录这些不良影响,作为证据基础。
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The effect of derum (bark of Juglans regia tree) extract on oral mucosa: An in vivo study based on epithelial atypia in rabbit model

Background and objectives

Derum, the bark of walnut tree (Juglans regia) has been used as a traditional tooth cleanser and chewed for its ability to bestow purple color to oral mucosa, tongue and lips Studies have shown that derum extract could affect oral epithelium after long term exposure, causing dysplasia. The aim of this in-vivo study was to evaluate the degree of epithelial dysplasia caused by varying durations and frequencies of topical derum application on oral mucosa of rabbits.

Materials and Methods

Following ethical approval, derum extract was applied to the buccal vestibule of New Zealand white rabbits over three different periods (60 days, 120 days, 180 days) and two different protocols were used (daily application and once every 3 days). Accordingly, the animals were divided into four groups (A – daily derum application/B – derum applied once in 3 days/C – Positive control and acetone applied every alternate day/D – negative control), and three batches (I – 60 days/II – 120 days/III – 180 days). The animals were sacrificed, and oral biopsies prepared and examined under light microscope. The magnitude of epithelial changes was evaluated using epithelial atypia index (EAI) based on Smith and Pindborg histological grading system (1969) for epithelial dysplasia.

Results

Mild dysplastic changes were detected in animals treated with derum extract regardless of the period of application. Similar results were noted among positive control group, and highest score was recorded in group A followed by group B with high tendency towards long-term derum application. Moderate changes were encountered only in group A that received derum for 180 days. Statistically, long-term derum application (180 days / Batch III in groups A and B), irrespective of the frequency of application, resulted in significantly higher mean EAI scores than all other groups or batches.

Conclusion

Based on this study, prolonged and frequent use of derum can induce dysplastic changes in rabbit oral mucosa, ranging from mild to moderate dysplasia. Further studies with extended times of exposure of derum to oral mucosa are recommended to document these adverse effects as an evidence base.

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来源期刊
Saudi Dental Journal
Saudi Dental Journal DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
22 weeks
期刊介绍: Saudi Dental Journal is an English language, peer-reviewed scholarly publication in the area of dentistry. Saudi Dental Journal publishes original research and reviews on, but not limited to: • dental disease • clinical trials • dental equipment • new and experimental techniques • epidemiology and oral health • restorative dentistry • periodontology • endodontology • prosthodontics • paediatric dentistry • orthodontics and dental education Saudi Dental Journal is the official publication of the Saudi Dental Society and is published by King Saud University in collaboration with Elsevier and is edited by an international group of eminent researchers.
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