热带安第斯山脉海拔梯度上肝草群落的系统发育结构:地理模式和气候驱动因素

IF 5.4 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Ecography Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1111/ecog.07434
Hong Qian, Michael Kessler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肝草属植物是一个古老的植物谱系,分布于世界各地,物种最丰富的地方是凉爽潮湿的栖息地,如热带山地和温带雨林。有人提出,肝草植物起源于这种温带气候条件,后来扩展到更热带的环境中,但这如何反映在与海拔高度相关的强烈气候梯度上的系统发育多样性中,仍有待探索。我们沿热带安第斯山脉的海拔梯度研究了地区肝草植物群的系统发育多样性,比较了强调较深和较浅系统发育关系的指数,并将这些指数与温度和降水相关变量以及极端气候和季节性联系起来。我们发现,肝草的物种丰富度在海拔 2000 米左右达到顶峰,而经过丰富度校正的系统发育多样性则随着海拔的升高而增加,系统发育多样性大小的标准化效应在海拔 2500-4000 米处最高。我们还发现,与温度相关的气候参数比与降水相关的变量更能预测肝草属植物的系统发育多样性,而极端气候比季节性气候的影响更大。我们认为这些模式反映了适应低温的生理挑战以及极端气候事件的罕见发生。所有这些都揭示了这一古老植物种系的进化动态与其对气候条件的生理适应相关联的强烈信号。该植物群的年龄及其水生特性(即无法调节失水)导致其模式与维管植物的模式形成鲜明对比,从而可以辨别出独立于生理学和植物群年龄的进化普遍性。
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Phylogenetic structure of liverwort assemblages along an elevational gradient in the tropical Andes: geographic patterns and climatic drivers
Liverworts are an ancient plant lineage that occurs worldwide with the highest species richness in cool and humid habitats such as tropical montane and temperate rain forests. It has been proposed that liverworts originated under such temperate climatic conditions and have later expanded into more tropical conditions, but how this is reflected in their phylogenetic diversity along the strong climatic gradients associated with elevation remains unexplored. We studied the phylogenetic diversity of regional liverwort floras along the elevational gradient in the tropical Andes, comparing indices that emphasize deeper and shallower phylogenetic relationships, and relating these to temperature‐ and precipitation‐related variables, as well as to climatic extremes and seasonality. We found that whereas liverwort species richness peaks at around 2000 m a.s.l., richness‐corrected phylogenetic diversity increases with elevation, and the standardized effect of size of phylogenetic diversity is highest at 2500–4000 m a.s.l. This is in accordance with an origin of liverworts under cool conditions, followed by more recent diversification in warmer climates at lower elevations. We further found temperature‐related climatic parameters to be stronger predictors of phylogenetic diversity of liverworts than precipitation‐related variables, and climatic extremes to have a stronger influence than climatic seasonality. We interpret these patterns as reflecting the physiological challenges of adapting to low temperatures as well as rare occurrences of extreme climatic events. All this reveals a strong signal of the evolutionary dynamics of this ancient plant lineage linked with its physiological adaptations to climatic conditions. The age of this group and its poikilohydric nature, i.e. its inability to regulate water loss, lead to patterns that contrast with those of vascular plants, allowing for discerning evolutionary generalities that are independent of physiology and lineage age.
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来源期刊
Ecography
Ecography 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
11.60
自引率
3.40%
发文量
122
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: ECOGRAPHY publishes exciting, novel, and important articles that significantly advance understanding of ecological or biodiversity patterns in space or time. Papers focusing on conservation or restoration are welcomed, provided they are anchored in ecological theory and convey a general message that goes beyond a single case study. We encourage papers that seek advancing the field through the development and testing of theory or methodology, or by proposing new tools for analysis or interpretation of ecological phenomena. Manuscripts are expected to address general principles in ecology, though they may do so using a specific model system if they adequately frame the problem relative to a generalized ecological question or problem. Purely descriptive papers are considered only if breaking new ground and/or describing patterns seldom explored. Studies focused on a single species or single location are generally discouraged unless they make a significant contribution to advancing general theory or understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes. Manuscripts merely confirming or marginally extending results of previous work are unlikely to be considered in Ecography. Papers are judged by virtue of their originality, appeal to general interest, and their contribution to new developments in studies of spatial and temporal ecological patterns. There are no biases with regard to taxon, biome, or biogeographical area.
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