采用带有模拟 SiPM 的 FastIC ASIC 实现亚 100 ps TOF-PET 系统

IF 4.6 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI:10.1109/TRPMS.2024.3414578
A. Mariscal-Castilla;S. Gómez;R. Manera;J. M. Fernández-Tenllado;J. Mauricio;N. Kratochwil;J. Alozy;M. Piller;S. Portero;A. Sanuy;D. Guberman;J. J. Silva;E. Auffray;R. Ballabriga;G. Ariño-Estrada;M. Campbell;D. Gascón
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引用次数: 0

摘要

飞行时间正电子发射断层扫描(TOF-PET)扫描仪要求电子器件具有高能效、低噪声、高性价比和高带宽。最近的研发成果表明,时间分辨率低于 100 ps 的同时,每个通道的功耗却很高,这使得建造扫描仪变得不可行。在这项工作中,我们使用不同的闪烁体和硅光电倍增管(SiPM)对 FastIC 前端的 TOF-PET 性能进行了评估。FastIC 是一种八通道应用专用集成电路,采用 65 纳米 CMOS 技术开发,能够以每通道 12 mW 的功率测量检测到的脉冲的能量和到达时间。使用 Hamamatsu SiPMs (S13360-3050PE)耦合到 LSO:Ce:0.2%Ca 晶体(2/times 2/times $ 3 mm3)和 LYSO:Ce:0.2%Ca 晶体(3.13/times 3.13/times $ 20 mm3),我们测得的重合时间分辨率(CTR)分别为(95~/pm ~3$ )和(156~/pm ~4$ )ps 全宽半最大值(FWHM)。使用与相同晶体耦合的 Fondazione Bruno Kessler NUV-HD LF2 M0 SiPM,我们获得了 ( $76~pm ~2$ ) 和 ( $127~pm ~3$ ) ps 全宽半最大值的 CTR。我们使用了带有 TlCl 纯切伦科夫发射器的 FastIC,其时间分辨率与使用高耗能电子器件实现的时间分辨率相当。这些研究结果表明,FastIC 是一种具有成本效益的替代方法,可以在保持低功耗的同时显著提高当前 TOF-PET 系统的时间分辨率。
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Toward Sub-100 ps TOF-PET Systems Employing the FastIC ASIC With Analog SiPMs
Time of Flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners demand electronics that are power-efficient, low-noise, cost-effective, and possess a large bandwidth. Recent developments have demonstrated sub-100 ps time resolution with elevated power consumption per channel, rendering this unfeasible to build a scanner. In this work, we evaluate the performance for the TOF-PET of the FastIC front-end using different scintillators and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). FastIC is an eight-channel application specific integrated circuit developed in CMOS 65 nm capable of measuring the energy and the arrival time of a detected pulse with 12 mW per channel. Using Hamamatsu SiPMs (S13360-3050PE) coupled to LSO:Ce:0.2%Ca crystals of $2\times 2\times $ 3 mm 3 and LYSO:Ce:0.2%Ca of $3.13\times 3.13\times $ 20 mm 3 , we measured a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of ( $95~\pm ~3$ ) and $156~\pm ~4$ ) ps full width half maximum (FWHM), respectively. With Fondazione Bruno Kessler NUV-HD LF2 M0 SiPMs coupled to the same crystals, we obtained a CTR of ( $76~\pm ~2$ ) and ( $127~\pm ~3$ ) ps FWHM. We employed FastIC with a TlCl pure Cherenkov emitter, demonstrating time resolutions comparable to those achieved with the high-power-consuming electronics. These findings shows that the FastIC represents a cost-effective alternative that can significantly enhance the time resolution of the current TOF-PET systems while maintaining low power consumption.
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IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences
IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-
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8.00
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18.20%
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109
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