{"title":"混合动力和传统 CNG 公共汽车的废气排放和能量转换","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104405","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The real-driving emission (RDE) test was employed involving a conventional compressed natural gas (CNG) bus and its hybrid counterpart powered by the same engine type along the same route. By calculating the energy balance of engine and vehicle, hybrid bus saves energy in three ways: engine efficiency increase (30 %), regenerative braking (21 %) and without idling (7 %). But the higher curb weight offset 32 % of the benefits, resulting in 24 % improvement in comprehensive efficiency. The NOx and particulate number (PN) emissions of the hybrid bus could be reduced by 46 % and 39 %, respectively. The emission causes of all pollutants were further classified into: cold-start, restart and hot running. Restart accounts for 52 % of CO emission and hot running for 55 % of NOx emission. Frequent engine restart and short engine running durations (<50 s) impair efficiency and emissions. The findings can help policymakers assess the environmental impact of transport electrification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exhaust emissions and energy conversion of hybrid and conventional CNG buses\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104405\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The real-driving emission (RDE) test was employed involving a conventional compressed natural gas (CNG) bus and its hybrid counterpart powered by the same engine type along the same route. By calculating the energy balance of engine and vehicle, hybrid bus saves energy in three ways: engine efficiency increase (30 %), regenerative braking (21 %) and without idling (7 %). But the higher curb weight offset 32 % of the benefits, resulting in 24 % improvement in comprehensive efficiency. The NOx and particulate number (PN) emissions of the hybrid bus could be reduced by 46 % and 39 %, respectively. The emission causes of all pollutants were further classified into: cold-start, restart and hot running. Restart accounts for 52 % of CO emission and hot running for 55 % of NOx emission. Frequent engine restart and short engine running durations (<50 s) impair efficiency and emissions. The findings can help policymakers assess the environmental impact of transport electrification.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23277,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":7.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920924003626\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920924003626","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Exhaust emissions and energy conversion of hybrid and conventional CNG buses
The real-driving emission (RDE) test was employed involving a conventional compressed natural gas (CNG) bus and its hybrid counterpart powered by the same engine type along the same route. By calculating the energy balance of engine and vehicle, hybrid bus saves energy in three ways: engine efficiency increase (30 %), regenerative braking (21 %) and without idling (7 %). But the higher curb weight offset 32 % of the benefits, resulting in 24 % improvement in comprehensive efficiency. The NOx and particulate number (PN) emissions of the hybrid bus could be reduced by 46 % and 39 %, respectively. The emission causes of all pollutants were further classified into: cold-start, restart and hot running. Restart accounts for 52 % of CO emission and hot running for 55 % of NOx emission. Frequent engine restart and short engine running durations (<50 s) impair efficiency and emissions. The findings can help policymakers assess the environmental impact of transport electrification.
期刊介绍:
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment focuses on original research exploring the environmental impacts of transportation, policy responses to these impacts, and their implications for transportation system design, planning, and management. The journal comprehensively covers the interaction between transportation and the environment, ranging from local effects on specific geographical areas to global implications such as natural resource depletion and atmospheric pollution.
We welcome research papers across all transportation modes, including maritime, air, and land transportation, assessing their environmental impacts broadly. Papers addressing both mobile aspects and transportation infrastructure are considered. The journal prioritizes empirical findings and policy responses of regulatory, planning, technical, or fiscal nature. Articles are policy-driven, accessible, and applicable to readers from diverse disciplines, emphasizing relevance and practicality. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions and welcome contributions from economically developing and advanced countries alike, reflecting our international orientation.