Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Artificial intelligence applied to truck emissions reduction: A novel emissions calculation model 人工智能在卡车减排中的应用：一种新的排放计算模型

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104533

Aquilan Robson de Sousa Sampaio , David Gabriel de Barros Franco , Joel Carlos Zukowski Junior , Arlenes Buzatto Delabary Spada

Meeting climate targets requires robust carbon reduction strategies, particularly in the context of road transportation. This study presents a predictive model that integrates CO₂ emissions and operational costs for heavy-duty truck loads using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Genetic Algorithms (GA) optimization. The model identifies the optimal vehicle driving profile by balancing environmental sustainability and economic efficiency. A strong correlation between vehicle weight and speed and CO₂ emissions was found, with the optimal weight and speed parameters being 49.67 tons and 31.00–36.61 km/h, respectively. The proposed model was tested across five scenarios, with the total cost per kilometer and emissions scenario yielding the best performance. The results demonstrate significant cost reductions, ranging from 31.4 % to 40.5 %, which not only reflect operational but also environmental cost savings. By optimizing driving parameters, fleet managers and decision makers can implement strategies to reduce operational and environmental costs, promoting sustainable transportation practices.

实现气候目标需要强有力的碳减排战略，特别是在道路运输方面。本研究利用人工神经网络（ANN）和遗传算法（GA）优化提出了一种预测模型，该模型集成了重型卡车负载的二氧化碳排放和运营成本。该模型通过平衡环境可持续性和经济效率来确定最佳的车辆驾驶模式。研究发现，车辆重量与车速及CO2排放之间存在较强的相关性，最佳的车辆重量和车速参数分别为49.67吨和31.00 ~ 36.61 km/h。提出的模型在五种情景下进行了测试，每公里总成本和排放情景产生了最佳性能。结果表明，成本显著降低，从31.4%到40.5%不等，这不仅反映了运营成本，也反映了环境成本的节约。通过优化驾驶参数，车队管理者和决策者可以实施降低运营和环境成本的策略，促进可持续运输实践。

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引用次数: 0

Travel well-being: Emerging issues, recent findings and future research 旅行福利：新出现的问题、最新发现和未来研究

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104508

Soora Rasouli, Yanan Gao, Patrick Singleton, Alexa Delbosc

引用次数: 0

Can rail reduce British aviation emissions? 铁路能减少英国航空业的排放吗？

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104513

Malcolm Morgan , Zia Wadud , Sally Cairns

We analyse UK airport origin–destination data from 1990 to 2021 to understand the extent to which a modal shift to rail may reduce aviation emissions. We find that 41 % of UK aviation passengers travel on routes that can be done by rail in less than 24 h. However, these passengers account for only 14 % of UK aviation emissions because long-haul flights contribute the majority of emissions. Some popular destinations (e.g. Spanish Islands) are inaccessible by rail and may be suitable for destination switching. We also find rapid growth in flights to international hub airports used for connecting journeys. This has implications for carbon accounting, suggesting that a significant and growing proportion of UK residents’ aviation emissions are being excluded from national accounts. Finally, the paper recommends some interventions that might encourage a modal shift to rail.

我们分析了1990年至2021年的英国机场始发目的地数据，以了解向铁路运输模式转变可能在多大程度上减少航空排放。我们发现，41%的英国航空乘客乘坐的航线可以在24小时内通过铁路完成。然而，这些乘客只占英国航空排放量的14%，因为长途航班贡献了大部分排放量。一些受欢迎的目的地（如西班牙群岛）无法通过铁路到达，可能适合目的地转换。我们还发现，用于转机的国际枢纽机场的航班增长迅速。这对碳核算产生了影响，表明英国居民的航空排放中有相当大且不断增长的比例被排除在国民核算之外。最后，本文建议采取一些干预措施，鼓励人们转向铁路运输。

引用次数: 0

Investigation of influence factors for sampling and quantification of organic emissions released from paving asphalt 道路沥青有机排放采样与定量的影响因素研究

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104526

Naipeng Tang , Junyao Wei , Gengren Hao , Chunli Su , Weidong Huang , Hongzhou Zhu

During construction heating, asphalt releases significant emissions, posing risks to workers and the environment. There are various methods for sampling and analyzing asphalt emissions. However, the quantification results of asphalt emissions are affected by various factors, which is not well investigated. To fill this gap, asphalt emission samples collected under different conditions were dissolved in carbon disulfide and analyzed. Emissions, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzenes, and benzothiazoles from crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) and base asphalt, were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Based on the quantitative results under different influencing factors, a sampling procedure for asphalt emissions is recommended. The satisfactory spiked recovery rate of asphalt emission samples indicates the reliability of experimental results. Emission rates were comparable under different experimental conditions. This method can be used for further asphalt emissions reduction research, providing reliable data to support air quality improvement efforts.

在建筑加热过程中，沥青会释放大量排放物，对工人和环境构成威胁。沥青排放的采样和分析方法多种多样。然而，沥青排放的量化结果受到多种因素的影响，目前还没有得到很好的研究。为了填补这一空白，在不同条件下收集的沥青排放样品在二硫化碳中溶解并分析。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对橡胶屑改性沥青（CRMA）和基础沥青中的多环芳烃（PAHs）、苯和苯并噻唑等污染物进行了定量分析。根据不同影响因素下的定量结果，推荐了沥青排放的采样方法。沥青排放样品的尖刺回收率令人满意，表明试验结果的可靠性。在不同的实验条件下，排放率具有可比性。该方法可用于进一步的沥青减排研究，为支持空气质量改善工作提供可靠的数据。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting incentives to adopt wind-assisted technologies in shipping by agent-based simulations 基于智能体的船舶风力辅助技术激励机制研究

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104511

Elena Romero , Manuel Chica , Roberto Rivas Hermann , Sergio Damas

Although the maritime industry has introduced technological improvements, shipping activity is still a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Using more intelligent incentive policies, such as subsidies, seems a way to increase green technology adoption. Our proposal is to engineer micro-level incentives to target a reduced set of adopters to optimize subsidies while encouraging adoption by shipowners. We focus on wind-assisted propulsion technology in shipping and test the effectiveness of targeting using agent-based simulations. The agent-based model employs a three-phase process, influenced by awareness of technology, economic factors, and networking. Experiments under different scenarios robustly analyze targeting policies and their impact on adoption rates. Our findings reveal that targeted incentives significantly improve adoption compared to a uniform distribution. The most effective targeting policies are those that select receptors based on their social activity and energy consumption, although the available budget affects the selection of criteria.

尽管海运业引进了技术改进，但航运活动仍然是温室气体排放的主要来源。采用更明智的激励政策，如补贴，似乎是增加绿色技术采用的一种方式。我们的建议是设计微观层面的激励措施，以减少采用者的数量，以优化补贴，同时鼓励船东采用者。本文以船舶中的风助推进技术为研究对象，通过基于智能体的仿真测试了该技术的有效性。基于代理的模型采用了一个受技术、经济因素和网络意识影响的三阶段过程。不同情景下的实验稳健地分析了目标政策及其对采用率的影响。我们的研究结果表明，与统一分配相比，有针对性的激励措施显著提高了采用率。最有效的目标政策是根据接受者的社会活动和能源消耗来选择接受者，尽管可用的预算会影响标准的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Tourists vs. residents: Nested logit analysis of mode choices for environmental sustainability 游客与居民：环境可持续性模式选择的嵌套对数分析

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104521

Heng Zhou , Jiale Qiao , Kunbo Shi , Qian Sun Chayn , Zhigang Yao , Richard Norman

Urban short-distance transportation is crucial for environmental sustainability in metropolitan areas. Although mode choice behavioral differences between tourists and residents have been noted, a comprehensive investigation is lacking. This study addresses this gap using discrete choice modeling to compare mode preferences between tourists and residents. Results reveal that residents emphasize time-saving, while tourists prioritize service quality and convenience. Employed residents attach extra importance to in-vehicle time, and tourists have low tolerance for crowded conditions. Gender impacts only residents’ choices, whereas reduced transfers enhance public transport’s appeal to tourists. Income and environmental consciousness affect both groups, while trip-related factors such as travel purpose and stay duration shape tourists’ choices. These findings offer novel insights into group-specific determinants of mode choice and inform targeted strategies to promote low-carbon public transportation, including tailored pricing incentives, infrastructure improvements, and AI-powered real-time transport and parking applications, thereby facilitating sustainable development in transportation, tourism, and environment.

城市短途交通对大都市地区的环境可持续性至关重要。虽然游客和居民之间的模式选择行为差异已被注意到，但还缺乏全面的调查。本研究利用离散选择模型对游客和居民的交通方式偏好进行了比较，从而弥补了这一空白。结果显示，居民强调节省时间，而游客则优先考虑服务质量和便利性。有工作的居民格外重视车内时间，而游客对拥挤状况的容忍度较低。性别只影响居民的选择，而减少换乘会增强公共交通对游客的吸引力。收入和环保意识对这两个群体都有影响，而旅行目的和停留时间等与旅行相关的因素则影响着游客的选择。这些发现提供了关于特定群体模式选择决定因素的新见解，并为促进低碳公共交通的针对性策略提供了参考，包括量身定制的定价激励措施、基础设施改善以及人工智能驱动的实时交通和停车应用，从而促进交通、旅游和环境的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

How does shared mobility impact metro-based urban commercial travel accessibility and Equity? 共享交通如何影响以地铁为基础的城市商业出行的可达性和公平性？

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104523

Rui Zhou, Yang Yu, Zi Wang, Luheng Ke, Jin Zhao

The integration of shared mobility services, such as bike-sharing and ride-hailing services, with metro systems enhances the effectiveness and convenience of urban mobility. Various transportation modes significantly impact the accessibility and equity of commercial travel for the purpose of shopping, entertainment, tourism, and catering, due to the diversity of options, destinations, and origins. This study, based on the primary urban regions of Chengdu in 2023, employs the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area model, Gini Index, and Lorenz curve to examine the effects of shared mobility on the accessibility pattern and spatial equity of commercial services. It shows that the bike-sharing-metro travel mode enhances overall commercial accessibility, whereas the ride-hailing-metro travel mode has a substantial impact on accessibility distribution. Additionally, the commercial accessibility distribution pertains to the arrangement of commercial establishments in short-distance travel, whereas it exhibits a central hub and peripheral locations for long-distance travel. While the equity of commercial services improves effectively, metro transportation remains situated at the core of the transportation mode. The creation of the metro transit-oriented development should thoroughly assess the impact of shared mobility on the station area and prioritize the equilibrium between urban commercial and residential sectors.

共享出行服务，如共享单车和打车服务，与地铁系统的整合提高了城市交通的有效性和便利性。由于选择、目的地和出发地的多样性，各种交通方式极大地影响了以购物、娱乐、旅游和餐饮为目的的商业出行的可达性和公平性。本研究以 2023 年成都市主城区为研究对象，采用高斯两步浮动集水区模型、基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线，考察共享交通对商业服务可达性模式和空间公平性的影响。结果表明，共享单车-地铁出行模式提高了整体商业可达性，而骑行-打车-地铁出行模式则对可达性分布产生了重大影响。此外，商业可达性分布与短途出行中的商业机构布局有关，而在长途出行中则表现为中心枢纽和外围位置。在商业服务的公平性得到有效改善的同时，地铁交通仍然是交通模式的核心。以地铁为导向的开发项目应全面评估共享交通对车站区域的影响，优先考虑城市商业和居住区之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Travel behaviour and greenhouse gas impacts of income-conditioned e-bike purchase incentives 以收入为条件的电动自行车购买激励措施对出行行为和温室气体的影响

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104519

Alexander Bigazzi , Amir Hassanpour , Emily Bardutz

This study investigates the travel behaviour and greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts of an electric bicycle (e-bike) purchase incentive program in Saanich, British Columbia, Canada, which distributed purchase rebates in three tiers conditioned on household income. A panel of 402 study participants (including a control group) was surveyed in three waves. We find that 23 % to 76 % would not have purchased an e-bike without the rebate, increasing with rebate amount, and that the purchased e-bikes were used regularly. Larger, income-conditioned incentives were associated with higher pre-purchase automobile use and consequently greater post-purchase automobile travel reduction. The incentive recipients reduced their GHG from travel by an average of 16 kg CO₂e per week one year after purchase, greater for the larger, income-conditioned incentives. The marginal and non-marginal GHG abatement costs were CA$722 and CA$190 per tonne CO₂e, respectively, which is cost-competitive with other types of transportation subsidies, but not the international carbon market.

本研究调查了加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省萨尼奇的电动自行车购买激励计划对出行行为和温室气体（GHG）的影响。我们分三波对 402 名研究参与者（包括对照组）进行了调查。我们发现，23%-76%的人在没有返利的情况下不会购买电动自行车，返利金额越高，比例越大，而且购买的电动自行车会经常使用。以收入为条件的大额奖励与购买前较高的汽车使用率相关，因此也与购买后较高的汽车出行减少率相关。激励对象在购买电动自行车一年后，平均每周减少了 16 千克二氧化碳当量的温室气体排放，而收入越高、条件越好的激励对象减少得越多。边际和非边际温室气体减排成本分别为每吨二氧化碳 722 加元和 190 加元，与其他类型的交通补贴相比具有成本竞争力，但与国际碳市场相比则没有竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

Conference air travel’s relevance and ways to reduce it 会议航空旅行的相关性和减少航空旅行的方法

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104488

Ariane Wenger , Anna Schreuer , Susann Görlinger , Nicole Aeschbach , Eva Fleiß , Agnes S. Kreil , Caroline Merrem , Alfred Posch , Michael Stauffacher , Annina Thaller

Reducing emissions from air travel has become an important goal of academic institutions and conferences are a major reason for researchers’ air travel. We conducted separate surveys with researchers at 17 academic institutions in Switzerland, Austria and Germany to examine perceptions of conference air travel and to assess opportunities for its reduction. The results indicate that air travel is deeply embedded in academia through cognitive norms and established conference practices. Although researchers stated that conferences serve important career purposes, such as networking, they acknowledge the importance of reducing air travel. The COVID-19 pandemic served as a window of opportunity to reduce air travel by switching to virtual conferences. Researchers stated that virtual conferences come with both benefits and challenges. Using the transport cultures framework, we identify opportunities for behavioural change and provide concrete recommendations for reducing conference air travel based on long-term changes in practices, material cultures, cognitive norms and policies.

减少航空旅行排放已成为学术机构的重要目标，而会议是研究人员航空旅行的主要原因。我们分别对瑞士、奥地利和德国 17 家学术机构的研究人员进行了调查，以了解他们对会议航空旅行的看法，并评估减少航空旅行的机会。结果表明，通过认知规范和既定的会议惯例，航空旅行在学术界根深蒂固。虽然研究人员表示，会议具有重要的职业目的，如建立联系，但他们也承认减少航空旅行的重要性。COVID-19 大流行为通过改用虚拟会议减少航空旅行提供了机会。研究人员指出，虚拟会议既有好处也有挑战。利用运输文化框架，我们确定了改变行为的机会，并根据实践、物质文化、认知规范和政策的长期变化，提出了减少会议航空旅行的具体建议。

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引用次数: 0

Shipping emission inventory preparation with AIS data: A stratified random sampling method 利用 AIS 数据编制航运排放清单：分层随机抽样法

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104520

Shaoli He , Xianhua Wu , Jun Wang , Yumeng Lu

Shipping emission inventory is the basis of regional air pollution assessments and pollution prevention and control policies. The accuracy depends to a large extent on the calculation results of every single ship based on AIS. This paper establishes a regional stratified sampling emission model based on the emission calculation of every single ship to improve the efficiency and precision of regional shipping emission inventory preparation. It performs calculations according to waterway characteristics, ship types and main engine power. The key findings of this paper include (1) the fast algorithm calculates exhaust emissions using complete ship information, helping reduce the uncertainty caused by the absence of single ship parameters during estimation, (2) when the ship sampling ratio is not lower than 1/3, the relative error of emission results is less than 3% and (3) the preparation of shipping emission inventory using the fast algorithm significantly improves the calculation efficiency and accuracy.

航运排放清单是区域空气污染评估和污染防治政策的基础。其准确性很大程度上取决于基于 AIS 的单船计算结果。本文建立了基于单船排放计算的区域分层抽样排放模型，以提高区域航运排放清单编制的效率和精度。该模型根据航道特征、船舶类型和主机功率进行计算。本文的主要结论包括：（1）快速算法利用完整的船舶信息计算废气排放，有助于降低估算过程中由于单船参数缺失而导致的不确定性；（2）当船舶抽样比例不低于 1/3 时，排放结果的相对误差小于 3%；（3）利用快速算法编制航运排放清单可显著提高计算效率和精度。

引用次数: 0

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