Pub Date : 2025-04-26DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104726
Alexander Schmaus , Felix Creutzig , Nicolas Koch , Florian Nachtigall , Nora Molkenthin
Shared pooled mobility has the potential to reduce both the necessary number of private vehicles and the total driven distance. Here, we use logged car trips in Berlin as input for ride-pooling simulations to analyze the technical potential − assuming a complete switch from private to shared mobility. We measure the share of sharable trips, average vehicle occupancy, relative passenger travel time, and relative driven distance compared to individual driving. In the entire area of Berlin, we observe that a ride-pooling system with 26,500 vehicles could replace all 1,09 million private vehicles and their trips. The travel time is 55% higher, the average vehicle occupancy increases 2.1-fold, and the overall distance traveled is reduced by 61%. Our results demonstrate that system-wide urban efficiency and quality of life benefits − elimination of congestion and gain of public space for people − would come at higher time costs for commuters.
{"title":"An urban shared pooled mobility system cuts distance travelled by over 50%","authors":"Alexander Schmaus , Felix Creutzig , Nicolas Koch , Florian Nachtigall , Nora Molkenthin","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shared pooled mobility has the potential to reduce both the necessary number of private vehicles and the total driven distance. Here, we use logged car trips in Berlin as input for ride-pooling simulations to analyze the technical potential − assuming a complete switch from private to shared mobility. We measure the share of sharable trips, average vehicle occupancy, relative passenger travel time, and relative driven distance compared to individual driving. In the entire area of Berlin, we observe that a ride-pooling system with 26,500 vehicles could replace all 1,09 million private vehicles and their trips. The travel time is 55% higher, the average vehicle occupancy increases 2.1-fold, and the overall distance traveled is reduced by 61%. Our results demonstrate that system-wide urban efficiency and quality of life benefits − elimination of congestion and gain of public space for people − would come at higher time costs for commuters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104726"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-26DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104759
Vincenzo Cusati , Mario Di Stasio , Gabriele Lucci , Qinyin Zhang
This study evaluates the direct operating costs (DOC) and economic feasibility of the Ampaire Eco Caravan, a hybrid-electric retrofit of the Cessna 208B Grand Caravan. A specialized cost methodology was developed, incorporating fuel and energy consumption, acquisition costs, maintenance, and operational expenses. Results show the Eco Caravan reduces fuel consumption by 50% due to its hybrid-electric propulsion system, which integrates a fuel-efficient piston engine and an electric motor during high-power phases. Additionally, maintenance costs decrease by 14%, and for a 100-nautical-mile mission, operational costs are 9% lower than the conventional model. However, higher acquisition costs and reduced block speed increase total DOC by 3%. Scenario analyses highlight the impact of fuel prices, electricity costs, retrofit expenses, and airport charges, emphasizing the critical role of policy incentives. These findings suggest hybrid-electric aircraft can be viable with technological advancements and regulatory support.
{"title":"Evaluating hybrid-electric aircraft viability: The Ampaire Eco Caravan cost analysis","authors":"Vincenzo Cusati , Mario Di Stasio , Gabriele Lucci , Qinyin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the direct operating costs (DOC) and economic feasibility of the Ampaire Eco Caravan, a hybrid-electric retrofit of the Cessna 208B Grand Caravan. A specialized cost methodology was developed, incorporating fuel and energy consumption, acquisition costs, maintenance, and operational expenses. Results show the Eco Caravan reduces fuel consumption by 50% due to its hybrid-electric propulsion system, which integrates a fuel-efficient piston engine and an electric motor during high-power phases. Additionally, maintenance costs decrease by 14%, and for a 100-nautical-mile mission, operational costs are 9% lower than the conventional model. However, higher acquisition costs and reduced block speed increase total DOC by 3%. Scenario analyses highlight the impact of fuel prices, electricity costs, retrofit expenses, and airport charges, emphasizing the critical role of policy incentives. These findings suggest hybrid-electric aircraft can be viable with technological advancements and regulatory support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104759"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ride-pooling characteristics, especially its routes’ characteristics have rarely been studied in the context of carbon emission reduction. This study proposes a route classification system and develops a refined version of the MOVES model, incorporating data from the Amap API. The model accounts for speed distribution, road hierarchy, and vehicle type to assess the impact of ride-pooling on carbon emissions in Suzhou, China. The results indicate that only 3.5 % of ride-hailing trips are pooled, mainly within the 5–15 km range, achieving a 22.54 % carbon reduction compared to non-pooled trips. The “overlapping route with all passengers” type achieves the highest reduction of 44.73 %. Compared to hybrid and electric vehicles, fuel-powered vehicles exhibit significantly higher emissions, with potential carbon savings of up to 8000 g per trip on longer routes when ride-pooling is implemented. Full ride-pooling adoption could cut Suzhou’s annual emissions by 30,000 tons, equivalent to a 19.14 % reduction in total ride-hailing emissions. These findings highlight the critical role of promoting ride-pooling and optimizing long-distance, high-overlap routes to maximize carbon reductions.
{"title":"Carbon savings in ride-pooling: A data-driven, route-based analysis from East Asia","authors":"Zhuonan Jiang , Tianqi Gu , Jiayan Zhang , Hyungchul Chung , Inhi Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ride-pooling characteristics, especially its routes’ characteristics have rarely been studied in the context of carbon emission reduction. This study proposes a route classification system and develops a refined version of the MOVES model, incorporating data from the Amap API. The model accounts for speed distribution, road hierarchy, and vehicle type to assess the impact of ride-pooling on carbon emissions in Suzhou, China. The results indicate that only 3.5 % of ride-hailing trips are pooled, mainly within the 5–15 km range, achieving a 22.54 % carbon reduction compared to non-pooled trips. The “overlapping route with all passengers” type achieves the highest reduction of 44.73 %. Compared to hybrid and electric vehicles, fuel-powered vehicles exhibit significantly higher emissions, with potential carbon savings of up to 8000 g per trip on longer routes when ride-pooling is implemented. Full ride-pooling adoption could cut Suzhou’s annual emissions by 30,000 tons, equivalent to a 19.14 % reduction in total ride-hailing emissions. These findings highlight the critical role of promoting ride-pooling and optimizing long-distance, high-overlap routes to maximize carbon reductions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104764"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104771
Yulong Sun , Jianfeng Zheng , Di Cui , Huayu Liu
The maritime emission trading system (METS) is adopted to reduce ship CO2 emissions. This paper utilizes the forming of liner alliances under the METS to further reduce ship CO2 emissions. To investigate the effectiveness of forming liner alliances on ship CO2 emission reduction, we propose a liner ship operation planning problem for a liner alliance, which determines fleet deployment, slot co-chartering and emission permit trading. A multi-objective programming model is adopted to deal with the proposed problem. By considering three liner carriers, numerical results show that, i) the total ship CO2 emission reduction rate for these three liner carriers can be up to 13.5 %, by forming the liner alliance; ii) for any of these three liner carriers, the ship CO2 emission reduction rate can be up to 10 %∼15 %, by forming the liner alliance; iii) high fuel prices help liner alliances balance the trade-off between the operational cost and ship CO2 emissions.
{"title":"Carbon emission reduction by forming liner alliances under maritime emission trading system","authors":"Yulong Sun , Jianfeng Zheng , Di Cui , Huayu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The maritime emission trading system (METS) is adopted to reduce ship CO2 emissions. This paper utilizes the forming of liner alliances under the METS to further reduce ship CO2 emissions. To investigate the effectiveness of forming liner alliances on ship CO2 emission reduction, we propose a liner ship operation planning problem for a liner alliance, which determines fleet deployment, slot co-chartering and emission permit trading. A multi-objective programming model is adopted to deal with the proposed problem. By considering three liner carriers, numerical results show that, i) the total ship CO2 emission reduction rate for these three liner carriers can be up to 13.5 %, by forming the liner alliance; ii) for any of these three liner carriers, the ship CO2 emission reduction rate can be up to 10 %∼15 %, by forming the liner alliance; iii) high fuel prices help liner alliances balance the trade-off between the operational cost and ship CO2 emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104771"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104707
Wolfgang Habla , Kumai Kokash , Åsa Löfgren , Anna Straubinger , Andreas Ziegler
Based on survey data among citizens from Germany and Sweden, this paper examines the individual support for climate-related passenger transport policy measures. Our descriptive statistics reveal that pull policy measures are more strongly supported in both countries than push policy measures and bans. Our econometric analysis focuses on the relevance of economic self-interest, measured by indicators that are in line with the corresponding policy measure. Using multivariate ordered probit models, we show for both countries that citizens who are negatively affected by car-, air travel-, and bicycle-related policy measures are significantly more likely to disagree with them, while citizens who benefit from them are significantly more likely to support them. The corresponding estimated probability effects are substantial. For example, citizens who own or use a means of transport are estimated to be up to 21 percentage points less likely to support policy measures that negatively affect their ownership or use.
{"title":"Self-interest and support for climate-related transport policy measures in Germany and Sweden","authors":"Wolfgang Habla , Kumai Kokash , Åsa Löfgren , Anna Straubinger , Andreas Ziegler","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on survey data among citizens from Germany and Sweden, this paper examines the individual support for climate-related passenger transport policy measures. Our descriptive statistics reveal that pull policy measures are more strongly supported in both countries than push policy measures and bans. Our econometric analysis focuses on the relevance of economic self-interest, measured by indicators that are in line with the corresponding policy measure. Using multivariate ordered probit models, we show for both countries that citizens who are negatively affected by car-, air travel-, and bicycle-related policy measures are significantly more likely to disagree with them, while citizens who benefit from them are significantly more likely to support them. The corresponding estimated probability effects are substantial. For example, citizens who own or use a means of transport are estimated to be up to 21 percentage points less likely to support policy measures that negatively affect their ownership or use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104707"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104769
Po-Yen Yu , Yu-Ting Hsu
The construction of railways has been proven to affect not only transportation but also land values and the potential for gentrification. However, debates persist due to limited studies and unclear benefits of projects related to the renewal of the transport infrastructure. This study examines the impact of railway grade separation on real estate prices and gentrification based on the cases in Taichung and Kaohsiung, Taiwan, using elevated and underground systems, respectively. Through difference-in-differences models and hierarchical clustering with Markov chains, the study analyzes gentrification indices and proximity to railway grade separation projects. Both cities show significant changes in real estate prices, but only Kaohsiung exhibits noticeable shifts in household income, indicating gentrification. The results provide insights for the government in enhanced evaluation of policy feasibility and future project implementation.
{"title":"Impact of railway grade separation: Aspects of real estate prices and gentrification","authors":"Po-Yen Yu , Yu-Ting Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction of railways has been proven to affect not only transportation but also land values and the potential for gentrification. However, debates persist due to limited studies and unclear benefits of projects related to the renewal of the transport infrastructure. This study examines the impact of railway grade separation on real estate prices and gentrification based on the cases in Taichung and Kaohsiung, Taiwan, using elevated and underground systems, respectively. Through difference-in-differences models and hierarchical clustering with Markov chains, the study analyzes gentrification indices and proximity to railway grade separation projects. Both cities show significant changes in real estate prices, but only Kaohsiung exhibits noticeable shifts in household income, indicating gentrification. The results provide insights for the government in enhanced evaluation of policy feasibility and future project implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104769"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104770
Yudan Kong , Xinyue Zhang , Junjin Wang , Guoqing Zhu
With the rapid expansion of international trade, maritime transportation has become a vital global link, with ports playing a critical role in supply chains. While these complex systems drive economic growth, they also present significant environmental and social challenges. To address these challenges, a comprehensive understanding of the current sustainability performance of port supply chains (PSCs) is essential. This paper introduces a customer-oriented sustainability assessment framework for PSCs, incorporating economic, environmental, and social dimensions. It integrates the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method and Cross Hierarchical Data Envelopment Analysis (CH-DEA) model to evaluate 16 PSCs in China from 2017 to 2022, aiming to identify key deficiencies and provide a basis for targeted improvements. The results indicate that China’s PSCs show overall low levels of sustainable development. Economic deficiencies are widespread, while environmental and societal challenges, including CO2 and SO2 emissions, energy consumption, and accidents, remain difficult to address.
{"title":"Navigating towards sustainability: A comprehensive evaluation of port supply chain in China","authors":"Yudan Kong , Xinyue Zhang , Junjin Wang , Guoqing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid expansion of international trade, maritime transportation has become a vital global link, with ports playing a critical role in supply chains. While these complex systems drive economic growth, they also present significant environmental and social challenges. To address these challenges, a comprehensive understanding of the current sustainability performance of port supply chains (PSCs) is essential. This paper introduces a customer-oriented sustainability assessment framework for PSCs, incorporating economic, environmental, and social dimensions. It integrates the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method and Cross Hierarchical Data Envelopment Analysis (CH-DEA) model to evaluate 16 PSCs in China from 2017 to 2022, aiming to identify key deficiencies and provide a basis for targeted improvements. The results indicate that China’s PSCs show overall low levels of sustainable development. Economic deficiencies are widespread, while environmental and societal challenges, including CO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> emissions, energy consumption, and accidents, remain difficult to address.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104770"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104754
Hecheng Yan , Ziyi Liu , Chidong Zhou , Lei Liu , Xi Li , Bingya Xue , Kai Huang , Yajuan Yu
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCV) emerge as the promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). This study focuses on hydrogen fuel cell buses (HFCB) and assesses carbon footprint (CF) across the life cycle. During the production phase, the average carbon emissions of HFCB are 84055.91 kgCO2eq, significantly higher than the 43881.92 kgCO2eq of ICEV. During the usage phase, HFCB’s emissions are significant, but the cleanliness of hydrogen production methods can significantly reduce the emissions. In the recycling phase, the average carbon reduction achieved by HFCB is 12897.11 kgCO2eq, surpassing the 10746.24 kgCO2eq reduction of ICEV. However, it is not sufficient to offset the carbon emissions generated throughout the life cycle of HFCB. The overall lifecycle CF of HFCB exceeds that of ICEV. Finally, with changes in power infrastructure and advancements in hydrogen production, HFCB will contribute positively to carbon neutrality, accelerating the achievement of the 2060 carbon neutrality target.
{"title":"Can hydrogen fuel cell bus facilitate carbon neutrality in the transportation sector?","authors":"Hecheng Yan , Ziyi Liu , Chidong Zhou , Lei Liu , Xi Li , Bingya Xue , Kai Huang , Yajuan Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCV) emerge as the promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). This study focuses on hydrogen fuel cell buses (HFCB) and assesses carbon footprint (CF) across the life cycle. During the production phase, the average carbon emissions of HFCB are 84055.91 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq, significantly higher than the 43881.92 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq of ICEV. During the usage phase, HFCB’s emissions are significant, but the cleanliness of hydrogen production methods can significantly reduce the emissions. In the recycling phase, the average carbon reduction achieved by HFCB is 12897.11 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq, surpassing the 10746.24 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq reduction of ICEV. However, it is not sufficient to offset the carbon emissions generated throughout the life cycle of HFCB. The overall lifecycle CF of HFCB exceeds that of ICEV. Finally, with changes in power infrastructure and advancements in hydrogen production, HFCB will contribute positively to carbon neutrality, accelerating the achievement of the 2060 carbon neutrality target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104754"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104758
Han Yang , Churui Huang , Qing Yu , Jiaxing Li , Maocun Yuan , Zhe Zhang
Highways account for a significant share of transportation-related CO2 emissions, yet policy interventions in mitigating these emissions remain underexplored. This paper investigates the impact of toll discount policies and network expansions on highway carbon emissions, drawing on long-term Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) data. We propose a bottom-up framework for estimating highway emissions and use a combination of time series decomposition and causal inference methods to isolate policy impacts. Our results reveal that toll discounts exert a significant and positive effect on highway carbon emissions, the shift of freight traffic onto highways reduces overall system-wide emissions: on average, each kilometer of discounted highway travel yields a net reduction of 52 g of CO2 per day in the transportation network. These findings underscore both the potential of policy-driven highway utilization to lower total carbon footprints and the importance of carefully calibrated policies to manage induced passenger travel.
{"title":"Carbon emission implications of toll discount policies and network expansions in highway","authors":"Han Yang , Churui Huang , Qing Yu , Jiaxing Li , Maocun Yuan , Zhe Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highways account for a significant share of transportation-related CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, yet policy interventions in mitigating these emissions remain underexplored. This paper investigates the impact of toll discount policies and network expansions on highway carbon emissions, drawing on long-term Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) data. We propose a bottom-up framework for estimating highway emissions and use a combination of time series decomposition and causal inference methods to isolate policy impacts. Our results reveal that toll discounts exert a significant and positive effect on highway carbon emissions, the shift of freight traffic onto highways reduces overall system-wide emissions: on average, each kilometer of discounted highway travel yields a net reduction of 52 g of CO<sub>2</sub> per day in the transportation network. These findings underscore both the potential of policy-driven highway utilization to lower total carbon footprints and the importance of carefully calibrated policies to manage induced passenger travel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104758"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-23DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104766
Minghui Tu, Ulf Olofsson
The elevated concentration of airborne particulate matter on underground metro platforms, far higher than in aboveground environments, has drawn increasing public attention. This study builds on long-term particulate matter measurements from three underground metro platforms in Stockholm, introducing a platform-specified multi-factor model that improves on the previous single-station model. By incorporating platform-specific data, this new model enhances applicability across multiple stations and analyses the effects of train frequency, train type, passenger flow, and urban background PM on PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentration changes. Comparative analysis shows the new model has better flexibility, accuracy, and stability. The results reveal significant interactions between variables, with platform-specific differences in how these factors influence PM concentration rates. Model estimations indicate that as new train types replace older ones, PM concentrations will vary across platforms but are expected to approach the recommended levels set by Stockholm’s transport authorities.
{"title":"A comparison of PM concentration on different underground metro station platforms","authors":"Minghui Tu, Ulf Olofsson","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The elevated concentration of airborne particulate matter on underground metro platforms, far higher than in aboveground environments, has drawn increasing public attention. This study builds on long-term particulate matter measurements from three underground metro platforms in Stockholm, introducing a platform-specified multi-factor model that improves on the previous single-station model. By incorporating platform-specific data, this new model enhances applicability across multiple stations and analyses the effects of train frequency, train type, passenger flow, and urban background PM on PM<sub>1</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, and PM<sub>10</sub> concentration changes. Comparative analysis shows the new model has better flexibility, accuracy, and stability. The results reveal significant interactions between variables, with platform-specific differences in how these factors influence PM concentration rates. Model estimations indicate that as new train types replace older ones, PM concentrations will vary across platforms but are expected to approach the recommended levels set by Stockholm’s transport authorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 104766"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}