Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

A comprehensive methodology for the assessment of decarbonization strategies in transportation 交通运输脱碳战略评估的综合方法

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105255

Anne Magdelene Syré, Abhishek Gupta, Dietmar Göhlich

Among the challenges to decarbonize the transport sector are inconsistent methodologies and unclear emission scopes. We present a comprehensive and transparent methodology that integrates life cycle assessment and total cost of ownership to calculate the levelized cost of carbon abatement as a harmonized metric. Through methodological extensions such as the emission saving potential indicator and the emission and cost delta diagram and by incorporating key factors such as infrastructure needs, vehicle characteristics, and energy supply pathways, the methodology enables consistent comparison of technological and behavioral decarbonization strategies. The methodology is applied to a case study on the German heavy-duty long-haul transport, assessing four decarbonization scenarios involving battery-electric and fuel-cell-electric vehicles. Results show that battery-electric vehicles using electric road systems are most economically feasible and have the lowest global warming potential with 62% emission savings compared to the diesel baseline. The approach supports transparent, data-driven policymaking for effective climate-aligned transport strategies.

运输部门脱碳的挑战包括方法不一致和排放范围不明确。我们提出了一个全面和透明的方法，集成了生命周期评估和总拥有成本，以计算碳减排的平准化成本作为一个协调的度量。通过方法的扩展，如排放节约潜力指标和排放和成本三角图，并通过纳入关键因素，如基础设施需求、车辆特性和能源供应途径，该方法能够对技术和行为脱碳战略进行一致的比较。该方法应用于德国重型长途运输的案例研究，评估了涉及电池电动和燃料电池电动汽车的四种脱碳方案。结果表明，使用电动道路系统的纯电动汽车在经济上是最可行的，与柴油车相比，其全球变暖潜力最低，减排62%。该方法支持透明、数据驱动的政策制定，以实现有效的气候相关交通战略。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility assessment of zero-emission medium and heavy-duty vehicles in fleet operations 零排放中、重型车辆车队运营可行性评估

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105243

Qi Yang , Kai Huang , Moataz Mohamed

The decarbonization of medium- and heavy-duty vehicle (MHDV¹) fleets has prompted growing interests in zero-emission and alternative fuel technologies. Despite increasing deployments, the operational suitability of these technologies varies significantly across applications. Using real-world vehicle operational data and representative drive cycles, this paper models and simulates four major powertrain types; battery electric (BEV), fuel cell electric (FCEV), compressed natural gas (CNG), and diesel across vehicle classes 2b to 8, within the Autonomie simulation framework. Energy consumption, CO₂ emissions, and total cost of ownership (TCO) are examined based on simulation results. BEVs consistently demonstrate lower energy use and TCO, while FCEVs achieve meaningful emission reductions but remain limited by energy costs. A feasibility assessment, incorporating charging constraints and various operational profiles, highlights the practical challenges of BEV deployment in specific duty cycles. These results provide a quantitative basis to support technology selection and fleet transition planning under diverse operational scenarios.

随着中型和重型车辆（MHDV1）的脱碳，人们对零排放和替代燃料技术的兴趣日益浓厚。尽管部署越来越多，但这些技术的操作适用性在不同应用程序之间差异很大。本文利用实际车辆运行数据和代表性的行驶周期，对四种主要动力系统类型进行了建模和仿真；在Autonomie仿真框架内，对2b至8级车辆的电池电动（BEV）、燃料电池电动（FCEV）、压缩天然气（CNG）和柴油进行了测试。基于仿真结果，对能源消耗、二氧化碳排放和总拥有成本（TCO）进行了检验。纯电动汽车一直表现出较低的能源消耗和TCO，而氢燃料电池汽车实现了有意义的减排，但仍受到能源成本的限制。可行性评估，包括充电限制和各种操作概况，强调了在特定工作循环中部署纯电动汽车的实际挑战。这些结果为支持不同操作场景下的技术选择和机队过渡规划提供了定量基础。

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引用次数: 0

Promoting private EV charger sharing: Willingness to pay and grid integration 促进私人电动汽车充电器共享：支付意愿和电网整合

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105240

Shao-Chao Ma , Ruoran Ma , Xing Yao , Ying Fan , Hongyu Pu , Bowen Xiao , Chenhao Dai

Charging infrastructure scarcity remains a major barrier to electric vehicle (EV) adoption, with global vehicle-to-charger ratios consistently falling short of policy targets. Private chargers, which are often underutilized, present significant sharing potential to relieve infrastructure shortages. This study explores private charger sharing (PCS) by quantifying Beijing EV owners’ willingness to pay (WTP) through a discrete choice experiment involving 1,209 respondents and by assessing its implications for grid operation. The findings show that WTP for shared chargers exceeds that for private ones across all time periods, with urban residents and private car owners demonstrating stronger preferences. Simulation results indicate that time-of-use pricing can reduce annual grid operating costs by ¥91.59 million by flattening load curves, improving peak-valley balance, and enhancing renewable energy integration. PCS, particularly when combined with smart scheduling and vehicle-to-grid functions, is regarded as a promising solution.

充电基础设施短缺仍然是电动汽车普及的主要障碍，全球车辆与充电器的比率一直低于政策目标。私人充电器往往未得到充分利用，但在缓解基础设施短缺方面具有巨大的共享潜力。本研究通过一项涉及1209名受访者的离散选择实验，量化北京电动汽车车主的付费意愿（WTP），并评估其对电网运营的影响，探讨了私人充电器共享（PCS）。调查结果显示，在所有时间段内，共享充电器的WTP都超过了私人充电器，城市居民和私家车车主表现出更强的偏好。仿真结果表明，分时电价通过平坦负荷曲线、改善峰谷平衡、增强可再生能源并网能力，可使电网年运行成本降低9159万元。PCS，特别是与智能调度和车辆到电网功能相结合时，被认为是一个很有前途的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Towards sustainable maglev operations: eco-driving via position-dependent motor characteristics 实现可持续磁悬浮运行：通过位置依赖的电机特性实现生态驾驶

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105257

Wu Bai , Jun Liu , Qingying Lai , Liujiang Kang , Yu Liu

Maglev systems represent a promising option for sustainable, low-carbon, high-speed mobility, yet energy-efficient operation requires train speed profile under real-world constraints. Existing studies often neglect the spatially varying traction characteristics of long-stator linear synchronous motors, limiting deployability. This paper proposes a simulation-based optimization framework with two innovations: (i) virtual speed limits that map high-dimensional control into operationally interpretable variables; and (ii) a hybrid temporal-spatial train speed profile simulation generation algorithm that reduces discretization error compared with single-domain discretization. The model enforces position-dependent traction, substation limits, and 2-D speed protection constraints, etc. Numerical experiments using parameters from China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation demonstrate 3–9% lower electrical traction energy and about 96% shorter runtime than dynamic programming benchmark. Results also reveal a systematic 7.7–11.0% gap between mechanical and electrical traction energy estimates. Sensitivity analyses quantify how load factors and interstation running times shape total energy, informing energy-aware timetable planning for operators.

磁悬浮系统代表了可持续、低碳、高速交通的一个有前途的选择，但节能运行需要列车的速度符合现实条件。现有的研究往往忽略了长定子直线同步电机的空间变化牵引特性，限制了可部署性。本文提出了一个基于仿真的优化框架，其中有两个创新：(i)将高维控制映射到可操作的可解释变量的虚拟限速；（ii）与单域离散化相比，减少离散化误差的混合时空列车速度轮廓仿真生成算法。该模型强制执行位置相关牵引，变电站限制和二维速度保护约束等。采用中国铁路车辆总公司参数的数值实验表明，与动态规划基准相比，电力牵引能量降低3-9%，运行时间缩短约96%。结果还显示，机械和电气牵引能量估计之间存在7.7-11.0%的系统性差距。灵敏度分析量化了负荷因素和站间运行时间如何影响总能量，为运营商制定能源意识时间表提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Equitable rural electric vehicle charging through peer-to-peer curbside networks 通过点对点路边网络实现农村电动汽车公平充电

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105268

Qihui Li , Nan Zhao , Beatriz Martinez-Pastor , Páraic Carroll

Rural regions face persistent barriers to electric vehicle (EV) adoption due to limited charging accessibility. This study develops a novel framework that integrates agent-based and stochastic simulation with equity-oriented accessibility metrics to evaluate the potential of peer-to-peer (P2P) charger sharing in enhancing rural EV charging access. The framework models individual travel and charging behaviours and assesses P2P effectiveness across varying EV penetration and participation scenarios using spatial and temporal accessibility indicators. Application to a rural Irish town shows that charging accessibility increases with P2P participation, but with smaller marginal gains beyond 30–60%. The analysis identifies priority areas and households with high suitability for P2P participation, providing insights for setting context-specific accessibility targets, establishing participation benchmarks, and designing differentiated incentive schemes. The framework has the potential to support equitable expansion of P2P charging networks in sparsely populated, car-dependent rural regions across European contexts with similar characteristics.

由于充电设施有限，农村地区一直面临电动汽车普及的障碍。本研究开发了一个新的框架，将基于代理的随机模拟与公平导向的可达性指标相结合，以评估点对点（P2P）充电器共享在提高农村电动汽车充电可及性方面的潜力。该框架对个人出行和充电行为进行了建模，并使用时空可达性指标评估了不同电动汽车普及率和参与情景下P2P的有效性。对爱尔兰一个乡村小镇的应用表明，P2P的参与增加了收费的可及性，但超过30-60%的边际收益较小。该分析确定了高度适合P2P参与的优先领域和家庭，为设定特定环境的可访问性目标、建立参与基准和设计差异化激励方案提供了见解。该框架有可能支持在人口稀少、依赖汽车的农村地区公平扩展P2P充电网络，这些地区具有相似的特点。

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引用次数: 0

Powering long haul freight: hydrogen refueling station siting using pipeline infrastructure 为长途货运提供动力：使用管道基础设施的加氢站选址

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105226

Jialu Yang, Danesh Hosseinpanahi, Bo Zou, Jane Lin

Hydrogen fuel cell trucks (HFCTs) are a promising alternative to diesel trucks (DTs) for decarbonizing long-haul freight while retaining comparable operational performance. This study investigates a large scale HRS siting problem with the aim of minimizing the capital investment in HRS construction and hydrogen delivery cost. A hybrid delivery method is considered: hydrogen is delivered from production hubs by the existing natural gas pipeline network to storage reservoirs, then by truck to HRSs. Assuming 10% of the 2050 Freight Analysis Framework Version 5 (FAF5) truck flow as HFCTs on the U.S. continental interstate highway network, results show that pipeline-based delivery offers major economic advantages over truck-based delivery. Findings highlight the strategic value of leveraging existing pipeline infrastructure and suggest that targeted policy support for hydrogen delivery and refueling infrastructure is essential for facilitating the cost-effective adoption of HFCTs in long-haul freight.

氢燃料电池卡车（HFCTs）是柴油卡车（dt）的一种很有前途的替代方案，既可以脱碳长途货运，又可以保持相当的运行性能。本研究以最大限度地减少HRS的建设投资和氢气输送成本为目标，探讨了一个大型HRS选址问题。考虑混合输送方法：氢气通过现有的天然气管道网络从生产中心输送到储层，然后用卡车输送到hrs。假设2050年货运分析框架版本5 （FAF5）卡车流量的10%为美国大陆州际高速公路网络上的HFCTs，结果表明，基于管道的运输比基于卡车的运输具有主要的经济优势。研究结果强调了利用现有管道基础设施的战略价值，并建议对氢气输送和加氢基础设施提供有针对性的政策支持，对于促进氢燃料运输在长途货运中具有成本效益的采用至关重要。

引用次数: 0

Missing the forest for the trees: what road freight decarbonisation research overlooks 只见树木不见森林：公路货运脱碳研究忽视了什么

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105207

Sergio Maria Patella , Filippo Carrese , Ila Maltese , Valerio Gatta , Edoardo Marcucci

Decarbonising road freight transport is a critical priority for achieving global climate targets. This paper investigates how academic research conceptualises and addresses decarbonisation pathways in road freight transport. It applies a two-step literature review, combining aggregate and disaggregate search strategies, distinguishing between road freight transport and city logistics. Using the Avoid–Shift–Improve framework as an analytical benchmark, findings show that most studies focus on isolated technological solutions, while demand-reduction and modal-shift strategies receive comparatively less attention. Crucially, only a marginal subset of the literature explicitly adopts a structured, integrated, and multidimensional perspective; the majority conducts fragmented and narrowly scoped analyses, limiting the capacity to inform systemic and potentially effective policy strategies. This paper identifies this critical research gap and advocates for a paradigm shift in academic inquiry. Future studies should employ conceptual frameworks that capture the interdependencies among policy measures, thereby supporting the design and implementation of successful freight transport decarbonisation pathways.

使公路货运脱碳是实现全球气候目标的关键优先事项。本文探讨了学术研究如何概念化和解决公路货运中的脱碳途径。它采用两步文献综述，结合聚合和分解搜索策略，区分道路货运和城市物流。以避免-转变-改善框架作为分析基准，研究结果表明，大多数研究集中在孤立的技术解决方案上，而减少需求和模式转变策略受到的关注相对较少。至关重要的是，只有一小部分文献明确采用了结构化的、综合的和多维的视角；大多数机构进行的是零散的、范围狭窄的分析，限制了为系统的、可能有效的政策战略提供信息的能力。本文确定了这一关键的研究差距，并主张在学术探究范式转变。未来的研究应采用概念框架，捕捉政策措施之间的相互依存关系，从而支持设计和实施成功的货运脱碳途径。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic recovery sequence optimization of subway-bus network with constrained reinforcement learning 基于约束强化学习的地铁-公交网络动态恢复序列优化

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105238

Shan Liu , Zhenhao Meng , Rui Jiang , Zhengli Wang , Ya Zhang , Ying-En Ge

Subway and bus networks constitute the backbone of urban public transportation and cater to the daily commuting needs of city residents. For damaged subway-bus networks caused by extreme events, aligning the repair sequence with dynamic passenger flow is crucial to reducing passenger delays. Most existing studies on station recovery strategies ignore the dynamic changes of passenger flow, and this study aims to design the station recovery sequence for the subway-bus network considering dynamic passenger flow. To enhance practicality, a constrained reinforcement learning framework is formulated to incorporate passenger demands, mobility distance, and repair duration into a Markov decision process. Moreover, dynamic graph convolutional networks are adopted to capture time-varying characteristics of passenger flow. The reward function proposed in this work integrates node importance, recovery progress, transferred passengers, and excessive distance penalty to enable efficient post-disaster recovery. Empirical analysis reveals that this methodology increases the number of transferred passengers by 5.53%-11.30%.

地铁和公交网络构成了城市公共交通的主干，满足了城市居民的日常通勤需求。对于极端事件造成的地铁-公交网络损坏，将修复顺序与动态客流相匹配是减少乘客延误的关键。现有的车站恢复策略研究大多忽略了客流的动态变化，本研究旨在设计考虑动态客流的地铁-公交网络车站恢复顺序。为了提高实用性，我们制定了一个约束强化学习框架，将乘客需求、移动距离和维修时间纳入马尔可夫决策过程。采用动态图卷积网络捕捉客流的时变特征。本文提出的奖励函数集成了节点重要性、恢复进度、转移的乘客和过度距离惩罚，以实现高效的灾后恢复。实证分析表明，该方法可使中转旅客数量增加5.53% ~ 11.30%。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the dynamic impacts of remote work in New York city 评估纽约市远程工作的动态影响

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105260

Songzi Zhou , Junbei Liu , Ying Zhang , Yilan Bu , Xingjun Huang , Chengxiang Zhuge

Working from Home (WFH) has stabilized above pre-pandemic levels, yet its long-term and multidimensional impacts remain unclear. This study explored different WFH arrangements within urban dynamics. Three scenarios in New York City—fully on-site, fully flexible, and structured hybrid—were designed to evaluate the long-term systematic impacts of WFH on population, economy, and environment from 2020 to 2035. An agent-based land use and transport interaction model incorporating a WFH module (i.e., SelfSim-WFH) was developed to capture the feedback of individuals’ WFH decisions and other associated urban elements. Results suggest that: (1) WFH induces a “donut effect,” with decentralization of residence and employment leading to longer home-work distance; (2) housing market growth slows, with rents responding more sensitively, while office rent declines; and (3) environmental gains from reduced commuting are partially offset by longer home-work distance and modal shifts, causing rebound effects in emissions and energy use under certain scenarios.

在家工作（WFH）已稳定在大流行前的水平之上，但其长期和多方面影响仍不清楚。本研究探讨了城市动态中的不同WFH安排。以纽约市为例，设计了三种情景，分别为全现场情景、全灵活情景和结构化混合情景，以评估2020年至2035年WFH对人口、经济和环境的长期系统性影响。我们开发了一个基于代理的土地使用和交通互动模型，该模型包含了一个城市交通服务模块（即SelfSim-WFH），以获取个人的城市交通服务决策和其他相关城市要素的反馈。研究结果表明：(1)家庭工作距离存在“甜甜圈效应”，居住和就业分散化导致家庭工作距离延长；(2)住房市场增长放缓，租金反应更为敏感，写字楼租金下降；(3)通勤减少带来的环境收益部分被更长的家庭和工作距离和模式转变所抵消，在某些情景下造成排放和能源使用的反弹效应。

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引用次数: 0

An alternative last-mile delivery system: Leveraging microhubs and crowdshipping 另一种最后一英里交付系统：利用微中心和众包

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105239

Amir Shafiee , Hanieh Rastegar Moghaddam , Sudheer Ballare , Jane Lin

Urban freight demand has increased with e-commerce, intensifying traffic congestion, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. To address these challenges, we propose a delivery model combining microhubs and crowdshipping (M+C). Trucks visit only microhubs, while crowdshippers—individuals making personal trips—handle first and last-mile deliveries. This reduces truck related emissions, noise pollution, and congestion in urban areas. We formulate the truck routing problem as a Many-to-Many Pickup-and-Delivery Problem with Split Loads (M2MPDPSL), which allows heterogeneous commodities and multi-visits to microhubs. We synchronize trucks and crowdshippers by linking parcel availability and time windows across both layers. An enhanced Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) with tailored operators is developed to solve the problem and validated using both standard benchmark instances and customized scenarios. We then compare the M+C system to a traditional Depot-Based (DB) approach and results show that M+C reduces operational cost and truck miles traveled, especially in dense customer settings.

随着电子商务的发展，城市货运需求增加，加剧了交通拥堵、空气污染和温室气体排放。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种结合微中心和众包（M+C）的交付模式。卡车只会去小集散地，而众包商——个人出行的人——负责头一英里和最后一英里的送货。这减少了与卡车相关的排放物、噪音污染和城市地区的拥堵。我们将卡车路线问题表述为多对多分载提货问题（M2MPDPSL），该问题允许异构商品和多次访问微中心。我们通过连接包裹可用性和跨两层的时间窗口来同步卡车和众运商。为了解决这个问题，开发了一种带有定制操作符的增强自适应大邻域搜索（ALNS），并使用标准基准实例和定制场景进行了验证。然后，我们将M+C系统与传统的基于仓库（DB）的方法进行了比较，结果表明M+C系统降低了运营成本和卡车行驶里程，特别是在客户密集的环境中。

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引用次数: 0