非洲国家是否避免了自然资源对社会凝聚力的诅咒?

IF 10.2 2区 经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Resources Policy Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105291
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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会凝聚力是包容性社会的主要推动力,也是可持续经济发展的支柱,人们对它的关注仍然十分强烈。然而,社会群体之间强烈的社会文化异质性、冲突、政变和社会政治危机,都进一步证明非洲的社会凝聚力正在受到破坏。本文采用系统广义矩法动态技术,以 33 个非洲国家为样本,分析了 1990-2020 年间自然资源依赖对社会凝聚力的影响及其内在机制。结果表明,自然资源与非洲的社会凝聚力呈负相关。然而,与点状资源相关的弹性比扩散资源的弹性更大、更显著。许多稳健性检验,如结合其他自然资源和社会凝聚力衡量标准的替代策略、添加其他控制变量以及使用离群值分析,都能得出稳健的结果。人力资本、制度质量和不平等是自然资源影响非洲不同身份群体之间合作与尊重的主要渠道。研究结果进一步证明了自然资源的影响,并提出了提高人力资本、制度质量和减少不平等的执法改革,这对于加强非洲的社会凝聚力是十分必要的。此类政策的一个潜在途径是为面临各种障碍的群体提供更多机会,这些障碍有损于他们对社会的贡献、对决策的参与和自尊。因此,非洲各国政府应改善自然资源管理,确保更好地执行公共政策,支持能力建设和基础设施计划。
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Do African countries avoid the curse of natural resources on social cohesion?

The interest in social cohesion as a key driver of inclusive societies, and the pillar of sustainable economic development is still very much alive. However, the strong socio-cultural heterogeneity between social groups, conflicts, coups and socio-political crisis reinforces evidence of an undermining of social cohesion in Africa. Using system Generalized Method of Moments dynamic techniques, this paper analyses the effects of natural resource dependence on social cohesion and the underlying mechanisms in a sample of 33 African countries over the period 1990–2020. The results show that natural resources are associated negatively with social cohesion in Africa. However, the elasticity associated with point resources is greater and more significant than that for diffuse resources. Results are robust to many robustness checks, such as the alternative strategy, which combines alternative natural resources and social cohesion measures, addition of other control variables and by using outlier analysis. The human capital, institutional quality and inequality are the main channels through which natural resources affect cooperation and respect among different identity-based groups in Africa. Findings suggest further evidence about natural resources effects and provide law enforcement reform to improve human capital, institutional quality and reduce inequality, which is necessary in strengthening social cohesion in Africa. One potential pathway for such policies could focus on expanding opportunities for groups facing barriers that undermine their contribution to society, participation in decision-making and self-esteem. Therefore, African governments should improve the management of natural resources to ensure better implementation of public policies and support capacity-building and infrastructure programmes.

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来源期刊
Resources Policy
Resources Policy ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
13.40
自引率
23.50%
发文量
602
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Resources Policy is an international journal focused on the economics and policy aspects of mineral and fossil fuel extraction, production, and utilization. It targets individuals in academia, government, and industry. The journal seeks original research submissions analyzing public policy, economics, social science, geography, and finance in the fields of mining, non-fuel minerals, energy minerals, fossil fuels, and metals. Mineral economics topics covered include mineral market analysis, price analysis, project evaluation, mining and sustainable development, mineral resource rents, resource curse, mineral wealth and corruption, mineral taxation and regulation, strategic minerals and their supply, and the impact of mineral development on local communities and indigenous populations. The journal specifically excludes papers with agriculture, forestry, or fisheries as their primary focus.
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