尼日利亚东南部 Akamkpa 采石区附近水资源中金属和类金属的水化学特征、水质及相关健康风险调查

IF 0.9 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Geochemical Transactions Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1186/s12932-024-00090-y
George E. Ikpi, Therese N. Nganje, Aniekan Edet, Christopher I. Adamu, Godswill A. Eyong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

岩石集料采石产生的水如果处理不当,将成为附近水体的污染源,从而影响水的化学成分。本研究考察了尼日利亚东南部 Akamkpa 采石场地区的化学成分、采石活动对水资源的影响以及人类摄入这些水所造成的健康后果/风险。研究人员收集了三十(30)份水样,包括池塘水、溪水、手挖井水和井眼水,并采用标准方法对其理化参数进行了分析。分析结果表明,水呈中度酸性,新鲜,不咸,许多参数低于建议标准,Ca2+ 和 HCO3- 是水资源中的主要离子。岩石风化过程(包括硅酸盐风化)是影响水资源水质和主要离子化学性质的主要机制,水化学剖面图、交叉图和吉布斯图均说明了这一点,溶解、人为活动和离子交换对其影响较小。Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl 和 Na-K-HCO3- 是最重要的水类型。虽然水质指数显示水适合人类使用和灌溉,但砷、镉、铅和硒的平均值超过了可接受的限度。此外,计算得出的污染因子显示,水资源受到砷、镉、铬、钼、铅、锑和硒的中度至高度污染,因此这些参数不适合饮用。然而,残留碳酸钠和水危害指数(WHI)值显示,采石场地区 38% 至 90% 的地点不适合耕种,10% 至 30% 的地点属于低度至中度影响类别,60% 的地点属于风险类别,属于高度至极度影响类别。对采石场附近居民进行的非癌症研究表明,6.7%的地点的数值大于 1,表明可能会危及人们的健康。因此,建议对水质进行持续监测,因为长期使用受污染的水会对人类、植物和土壤造成伤害。
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Investigation of hydrochemical characteristic, water quality and associated health risks of metals and metalloids in water resources in the vicinity of Akamkpa quarry district, southeastern, Nigeria

Quarrying of rock aggregates generates produced water that, if not handled properly will be a source of pollution for nearby water bodies, thus affecting the chemistry of the water. This study examined the chemistry, impact of quarrying activities on water resources and the health consequences/risks posed by ingestion of the water by humans in the Akamkpa quarry region in southeastern Nigeria. Thirty (30) water samples consisting of pond water, stream water, hand dug wells, and borehole samples were collected and analyzed for their physicochemical parameters using standard methods. The results obtained from the analyses indicated that the water was moderately acidic, fresh, and not salty, with many parameters below the recommended standards with Ca2+, and HCO3 being the dominant ions present in the water resources. Rock weathering processes including silicate weathering as illustrated by hydrochemical facies, cross plots, and Gibbs diagrams are the dominant mechanisms influencing the quality and major ions chemistry of the water resources with minor contributions from dissolution, anthropogenic activities, and ion exchange. Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl and Na–K-HCO3 are the most important water types. Although the water quality index shows that the water is suitable for human use and irrigation, the mean values of As, Cd, Pb, and Se are above the acceptable limits. Additionally, the calculated contamination factor revealed the water resources are moderate to highly contaminated by As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb, Sb, and Se, and are therefore unsuitable for consumption with regards to these parameters. However, the residual sodium carbonate and water hazard index (WHI) values showed that 38% to 90% of sites in the quarry area were unsuitable for cultivation, 10–30% were in the low to medium impact category, and 60% were classified as risky and are from high to very high impact category. A non-cancer study of inhabitants living in the vicinity of the quarry area indicated that 6.7% of the sites have values greater than one, indicating that it may endanger the health of the people. Therefore, constant monitoring of the water quality is recommended as long-term use of contaminated water can harm humans, plants, and soils.

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来源期刊
Geochemical Transactions
Geochemical Transactions 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
2
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Geochemical Transactions publishes high-quality research in all areas of chemistry as it relates to materials and processes occurring in terrestrial and extraterrestrial systems.
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