Potentilla fulgens Wall. Ex sims. Upregulates insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Sims. is a medicinal plant used by the locals of Meghalaya. However, its mechanism of action has not been well elucidated. Hence, this study investigated the effect of P. fulgens on IRS1 and Akt. The interaction of the various polyphenols present in P. fulgens with the IR tyrosine kinase and IRS1 PTB domain was studied using auto dock. Changes in expression of antioxidant enzymes, IRS-1, Akt and behavior of normal, diabetic, and diabetic mice treated mice were assessed after 14 days of treatment. Morphological changes in the liver tissue were determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy. The effect of P. fulgens on blood glucose was time and dose dependent. Treatment with P. fulgens, Cat, E, CE, CEP and metformin improved the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glycogen, IRS-1 and Akt. The Forced Swimming test showed an altered behavior in diabetic mice. The altered mobility was reverted back to near normal on treatment with P.fulgens, Cat, E, CE, CEP and metformin. The morphological aberrations seen in diabetic animals considerably improved in the treated diabetic group. P. fulgens and its phytochemicals-catechin and epicatechin are potent sources of antidiabetic drugs, possibly mediating their effects through upregulation of insulin IRS-1 and Akt.