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Bioassay guided isolation and compounds identification of the anti-diabetic fractions of (rosemary) Rosmarinus officinalis leaves extract 生物测定指导下的(迷迭香)Rosmarinus officinalis 叶提取物抗糖尿病馏分的分离和化合物鉴定
Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00378-7
Zelipha N. Kabubii, James Mucunu Mbaria, Peter Mbaabu Mathiu, John Muraba Wanjohi, Evans Nyaega Nyaboga
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by prolonged elevated blood glucose levels. It is a common health problem with a high mortality and morbidity to the human race. A number of medicinal plants such as rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) have been used for the treatment of diabetes. Most of the anti-diabetic conventional drugs have been found to have some side effects and there is therefore need to explore new sources of anti-diabetic drugs. The aim of the current study was to investigate the possibility of getting anti-diabetic compounds from R. officinalis that can be used as leads for drug discovery. R. officinalis leaves were macerated in 50% methanol in dichloromethane and the crude extract fractionated by column chromatography. The obtained fractions were subjected to an in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay. The anti-hyperglycemic potential of the fractions was evaluated in diabetic induced Wistar rats. The most potent fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) for identification of the compounds. A total of 21 chromatographic fractions were assembled with different alpha- amylase inhibition activity. Eleven of the fractions had more than 30% alpha-amylase inhibition activity. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest inhibition potential (LC50 of 2.8 μg/mL). The anti-diabetic assay in rats showed that fractions (F1) and (F4) had highest blood glucose reduction of 44.5 ± 0.4 and 52.8 ± 1.3%, respectively (p < 0.05). GC-MS analysis of fractions F1 and F4 showed the presence of 21 and 23 compounds in F1 and 23, respectively. This study has demonstrated that R. officinalis crude extract fractions obtained from 50% methanol in dichloromethane possesses alpha-amylase inhibitory and anti-hyperglycemic activities as well as secondary metabolites with varying chemical structures. The hexane and hexane/ethyl acetate (8/2) fractions showed most potent alpha-amylase inhibition with high anti-hyperglycemic activity giving hope of a possibility of obtaining lead compounds for new anti-diabetic drugs.
糖尿病是一种以血糖长期升高为特征的代谢性疾病。它是人类常见的健康问题,死亡率和发病率都很高。迷迭香(Rosmarinus officinalis)等多种药用植物已被用于治疗糖尿病。大多数传统的抗糖尿病药物都有一些副作用,因此有必要探索抗糖尿病药物的新来源。本研究的目的是调查从 R. officinalis 中提取抗糖尿病化合物的可能性,这些化合物可作为药物研发的线索。将 R. officinalis 叶子用二氯甲烷中 50% 的甲醇浸泡,然后用柱层析法对粗提取物进行分馏。对得到的馏分进行体外α-淀粉酶抑制试验。在糖尿病诱导的 Wistar 大鼠身上评估了这些馏分的抗高血糖潜力。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析了最有效的馏分,以鉴定化合物。共有 21 个色谱馏分具有不同的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。其中 11 个馏分的α-淀粉酶抑制活性超过 30%。乙酸乙酯馏分具有最高的抑制潜力(半数致死浓度为 2.8 μg/mL)。大鼠抗糖尿病试验表明,馏分(F1)和(F4)的血糖降低率最高,分别为 44.5 ± 0.4% 和 52.8 ± 1.3%(p < 0.05)。馏分 F1 和 F4 的气相色谱-质谱分析表明,F1 和 23 中分别含有 21 和 23 种化合物。本研究表明,从 50%甲醇和二氯甲烷中提取的 R. officinalis 粗萃取物馏分具有抑制α-淀粉酶和抗高血糖活性,并含有不同化学结构的次生代谢物。正己烷和正己烷/乙酸乙酯(8/2)馏分对α-淀粉酶的抑制作用最强,同时具有很高的抗高血糖活性,这为获得新型抗糖尿病药物的先导化合物提供了希望。
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引用次数: 0
In-Vitro evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in Mucuna pruriens seed extract 白茅种子提取物抗糖尿病、抗氧化和抗炎活性的体外评估
Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00381-y
Jagat Pal Yadav, Prateek Pathak, Seema Yadav, Abhishek Singh, Narahari N. Palei, Amita Verma
Mucuna pruriens var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) belonging to the family Fabaceae. Renowned for its diverse array of phytochemicals, this plant has been historically employed in the treatment of various ailments. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of the optimized M. pruriens var. utilis seed extract. The in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of M. pruriens var. utilis ethanolic extracts was scrutinized using the Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) method. To evaluate antioxidant activity, ABTS and DPPH assays were employed. Furthermore, the antidiabetic activity was assessed through α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. In the ethanolic extract of M. pruriens var. utilis numerous phytoconstituents were found by doing a phytochemical analysis (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, glycosides, tannins). The total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined to be 112.07 ± 1.21 mg of gallic acid equivalents GAE/g and 101.41 ± 1.08 mg of quercetin equivalents QE/g respectively. In this investigation ethanolic extract of M. pruriens var. utilis exhibited a high anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities in a dose-dependent manner. The M. pruriens var. utilis extract shows that anti-inflammatory activity 32.26 ± 3.23%, potent antioxidant effect by ABTS radical scavenging assay IC50 67.46 ± 1.45 µg/mL and DPPH radical scavenging assay IC50 63.34 ± 2.27 µg/mL and in addition, showed promising antidiabetic potential by inhibiting α-amylase IC50 33.42 ± 1.35 µg/mL and α-glucosidase IC50 28.34 ± 1.41 µg/mL. These findings provide additional support for the traditional medicinal use of M. pruriens var. utilis in treating inflammation, oxidative stress, and diabetes mellitus.
Mucuna pruriens var.这种植物以其多种多样的植物化学物质而闻名,历来被用于治疗各种疾病。本研究的目的是评估经过优化的 M. pruriens var. utilis 种子提取物的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗氧化特性。利用人体红细胞(HRBC)法仔细研究了欧鼠李种子乙醇提取物的体外抗炎活性。为了评估抗氧化活性,采用了 ABTS 和 DPPH 法。此外,还通过α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制试验评估了抗糖尿病活性。通过植物化学分析(生物碱、黄酮类、酚类、皂苷类、甾体类、苷类、单宁酸),发现了 M. pruriens var.经测定,总酚和类黄酮含量分别为 112.07 ± 1.21 毫克没食子酸当量 GAE/g 和 101.41 ± 1.08 毫克槲皮素当量 QE/g。在这项研究中,欧鼠李的乙醇提取物以剂量依赖的方式表现出较高的抗炎、抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。欧鼠李提取物的抗炎活性为 32.26 ± 3.23%,ABTS 自由基清除试验的 IC50 为 67.46 ± 1.45 µg/mL,DPPH 自由基清除试验的 IC50 为 63.34 ± 2.27 µg/mL。此外,通过抑制α-淀粉酶 IC50 33.42 ± 1.35 µg/mL 和α-葡萄糖苷酶 IC50 28.34 ± 1.41 µg/mL,显示出良好的抗糖尿病潜力。这些研究结果进一步支持了芒柄花变种(M. pruriens var. utilis)在治疗炎症、氧化应激和糖尿病方面的传统药用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Potentilla fulgens Wall. Ex sims. Upregulates insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt in alloxan-induced diabetic mice Potentilla fulgens Wall.Ex sims.上调阿脲诱导的糖尿病小鼠的胰岛素受体底物 1 和 Akt
Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00382-x
Shelareen Ediemi Sunn, Careen Liza Pakyntein, Daiahun Thabah, Cynthia Erica Kharshiing, Sagnik Banerjee, Anita Kumari Rai, Atanu Bhattacharjee, Donkupar Syiem
Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Sims. is a medicinal plant used by the locals of Meghalaya. However, its mechanism of action has not been well elucidated. Hence, this study investigated the effect of P. fulgens on IRS1 and Akt. The interaction of the various polyphenols present in P. fulgens with the IR tyrosine kinase and IRS1 PTB domain was studied using auto dock. Changes in expression of antioxidant enzymes, IRS-1, Akt and behavior of normal, diabetic, and diabetic mice treated mice were assessed after 14 days of treatment. Morphological changes in the liver tissue were determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy. The effect of P. fulgens on blood glucose was time and dose dependent. Treatment with P. fulgens, Cat, E, CE, CEP and metformin improved the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glycogen, IRS-1 and Akt. The Forced Swimming test showed an altered behavior in diabetic mice. The altered mobility was reverted back to near normal on treatment with P.fulgens, Cat, E, CE, CEP and metformin. The morphological aberrations seen in diabetic animals considerably improved in the treated diabetic group. P. fulgens and its phytochemicals-catechin and epicatechin are potent sources of antidiabetic drugs, possibly mediating their effects through upregulation of insulin IRS-1 and Akt.
Potentilla fulgens Wall.然而,其作用机制尚未得到很好的阐明。因此,本研究调查了白花蛇舌草对 IRS1 和 Akt 的影响。研究人员使用自动对接法研究了富尔格仙人掌中的各种多酚与 IR 酪氨酸激酶和 IRS1 PTB 结构域之间的相互作用。治疗 14 天后,对正常小鼠、糖尿病小鼠和糖尿病小鼠的抗氧化酶、IRS-1、Akt 的表达和行为变化进行了评估。透射电子显微镜测定了肝组织的形态变化。白头翁对血糖的影响与时间和剂量有关。使用白头翁、Cat、E、CE、CEP和二甲双胍治疗可提高过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、糖原、IRS-1和Akt的活性。强迫游泳试验表明,糖尿病小鼠的行为发生了改变。在使用白头翁、Cat、E、CE、CEP 和二甲双胍治疗后,活动能力的改变恢复到接近正常水平。糖尿病动物的形态畸变在接受治疗的糖尿病组中得到明显改善。红景天及其植物化学物质儿茶素和表儿茶素是抗糖尿病药物的有效来源,可能通过上调胰岛素 IRS-1 和 Akt 发挥作用。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative clinical study of Mist Amen Fevermix and Edhec Malacure: two polyherbal products used for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Ghana against Artemether/Lumefantrine Mist Amen Fevermix 和 Edhec Malacure:加纳用于治疗无并发症疟疾的两种多草药产品与蒿甲醚/本芴醇的临床比较研究
Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00373-y
Bernard K. Turkson, Isaac K. Amponsah, Alfred Ofori Agyemang, Merlin L. K. Mensah, Reinhard I. Nketia, Desmond Nkrumah, Michael F. Baidoo, Abraham Y. Mensah, Emmanuel Achaab, Burnett Tetteh Accam
The use of herbal products for the treatment of malaria, has increased globally. However, inadequate scientific studies about the safety and effectiveness of such herbal products have been raised. Also, the reduced sensitivity of the malaria parasites to artemisinin-based combination therapies is of concern. There is therefore the need for new antimalarial medications including those from alternative sources such as herbal medicinal products. In this study, a prospective, comparative parallel group randomized, clinical study was done to assess the safety and effectiveness of Mist Amen Fevermix and Mist Edhec Malacure with Artemether/Lumefantrine as control at the Tafo Government Hospital, Kumasi between July and November 2019, after Committee on Human Research, Publication and Ethics approval (CHRPE/AP/424/19). The study was conducted in accordance with Good Clinical and Laboratory Practice (GCLP) and registered with the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry with trial number PACTR202109664146698. Participant completed an informed consent form. Randomization was based on a single sequence to allocate participants to a group. SPSS version 19. One-way ANOVA test and exploratory statistics was used for data analysis. Total sample size was 150 participants with 50 on each arm of the group. Male and female patients aged 15–45 years and meet inclusion criteria with clinically established malaria were treated with Mist Amen Fevermix and Mist Edhec Malacure, at the specified doses of 45 mls (0.1063 g) and 30 mls (0.0521 g) three times daily after meals for three days. Artemether/Lumefantrine was administered at a dose of 80/480 mg/kg twice daily after meals for three days. Baseline data was taken on day 0. Patients were then followed up on Day 3, 7 and 28 to establish treatment outcomes and any side effect using a checklist for signs and symptoms and Karnofsky’s scale to assess the quality of life. Mist Amen Fevermix was effective with a cure rate of 95.89%. Mist Edhec Malacure was also effective with a cure rate of 91.87%. The cure rate of Artemether/Lumefantrine was 97.25%. Kidney and liver panels were within normal reference range at the end of the 28-day study. This study supports the use of Mist Amen Fevermix and Mist Edhec Malacure, two multi-component products as safe and effective for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Both products achieved a comparable clinical treatment outcome with Artemether/Lumefantrine.
全球使用草药产品治疗疟疾的情况有所增加。然而,有关此类草药产品安全性和有效性的科学研究不足。此外,疟原虫对青蒿素类复方疗法的敏感性降低也令人担忧。因此,有必要开发新的抗疟药物,包括来自草药等替代来源的药物。在本研究中,经人类研究、出版和伦理委员会批准(CHRPE/AP/424/19),于2019年7月至11月期间在库马西的Tafo政府医院进行了一项前瞻性、平行组随机比较临床研究,以评估Mist Amen Fevermix和Mist Edhec Malacure与作为对照的蒿甲醚/乐凡啶的安全性和有效性。该研究按照良好临床和实验室规范(GCLP)进行,并在泛非临床试验注册中心注册,试验编号为PACTR202109664146698。参与者填写了知情同意书。随机分组采用单一序列。采用 SPSS 19 版本。数据分析采用单因素方差分析和探索性统计。样本总数为 150 人,每组各 50 人。年龄在 15-45 岁之间且符合纳入标准的临床确诊疟疾男女患者接受了雾化蒿甲醚 Fevermix 和雾化 Edhec Malacure 治疗,剂量分别为 45 毫升(0.1063 克)和 30 毫升(0.0521 克),每日三次,饭后服用,连续三天。蒿甲醚/Lumefantrine的剂量为80/480毫克/千克,每天两次,饭后服用,连续三天。第 0 天采集基线数据。然后在第3天、第7天和第28天对患者进行随访,使用症状和体征检查表以及卡诺夫斯基量表评估生活质量,以确定治疗效果和任何副作用。Amen Fevermix喷雾剂疗效显著,治愈率达95.89%。Edhec Malacure喷雾剂也很有效,治愈率为91.87%。蒿甲醚/Lumefantrine的治愈率为97.25%。28 天研究结束时,肾脏和肝脏检查结果均在正常参考范围内。这项研究支持使用 Mist Amen Fevermix 和 Mist Edhec Malacure 这两种多组分产品安全有效地治疗无并发症疟疾。这两种产品的临床治疗效果与蒿甲醚/本芴醇相当。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro antiproliferative activities of some Ghanaian medicinal plants 加纳一些药用植物的体外抗增殖活性
Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00383-w
Bright Selorm Addy, Caleb Kesse Firempong, Gustav Komlaga, Patrick Addo-Fordjour, Seth Agyei Domfeh, Olutwatomisin Afolayan, Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe
Cancer continues to pose a significant threat to human well-being due to the overwhelming rate of morbidity and mortality associated with it. Hence, the quest for newer, effective and safer anticancer agents has become more crucial. Over the years, some medicinal plants have been used to treat abnormal tissue growths (tumours) in Ghana. Even though sufficient literature points out that people found some relief in their use, there is limited scientific evidence of their antiproliferative activities. Ethanolic extracts of nine medicinal plant materials from seven plant species, including the stem bark of Terminalia superba, Talbotiella gentii and Ceiba pentandra and the leaves of Morinda lucida, Dracaena arborea, Dioscorea dumetorum, Thaumatococcus danielli, Ceiba pentandra and Talbotiella gentii, were evaluated for antiproliferative activities against four human cancer cell lines (hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and mammary adenocarcinoma) using an MTT-based assay. The extract of C. pentandra leaves, exhibited generally higher antiproliferative activity, which was particularly substantial against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (IC50 = 16.3 µg/mL) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (RKO) cells (IC50 = 18.7 µg/mL). All the other plant materials demonstrated weak (IC50: 201–500 µg/mL) to moderate (IC50: 21–200 µg/mL) antiproliferative activities against the four cancer cell lines. The extracts of the plant materials demonstrated varied antiproliferative activities. Extract of C. pentandra leaves exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity. The IC50 values of C. pentandra leaves met the benchmark to be considered effective against HepG2 and RKO cancer cell lines in particular. Therefore, there is the need to further undertake fractionation work on C. pentandra leaves. The antiproliferative effect of extract of C. pentandra leaves against other cancer cell lines and normal cell line could also be explored in the future to ascertain the anticancer potential of this plant material. Generally, findings from this work support the indigenous use of these plant materials in treating abnormal tissue growth in Ghana.
癌症发病率和死亡率居高不下,继续对人类福祉构成重大威胁。因此,寻找更新、更有效、更安全的抗癌药物变得更加重要。多年来,加纳一直使用一些药用植物来治疗异常组织增生(肿瘤)。尽管有大量文献指出,人们在使用这些药用植物时发现了一些缓解症状的方法,但有关其抗增生活性的科学证据却很有限。从七种植物的九种药用植物材料中提取乙醇萃取物,这些植物包括:Terminalia superba、Talbotiella gentii 和 Ceiba pentandra 的茎皮,以及 Morinda lucida、Dracaena arborea、Dioscorea dumetorum、Thaumatococcus danielli、Talbotiella gentii 和 Ceiba pentandra 的叶子、采用 MTT 法评估了 Ceiba pentandra 和 Talbotiella gentii 对四种人类癌细胞株(肝细胞癌、结直肠腺癌、宫颈癌和乳腺腺癌)的抗增殖活性。五加科植物叶片的提取物普遍具有较高的抗增殖活性,尤其是对人肝癌(HepG2)细胞(IC50 = 16.3 µg/mL)和人结直肠腺癌(RKO)细胞(IC50 = 18.7 µg/mL)的抗增殖活性更强。所有其他植物材料对四种癌细胞系均表现出弱(IC50:201-500 µg/mL)至中等(IC50:21-200 µg/mL)的抗增殖活性。植物材料的提取物表现出不同的抗增殖活性。五加科植物叶片的提取物表现出最高的抗增殖活性。五角枫叶的 IC50 值达到了对 HepG2 和 RKO 癌细胞株有效的基准。因此,有必要进一步对五角枫叶进行分馏工作。今后还可以探索五角枫叶提取物对其他癌细胞系和正常细胞系的抗增殖作用,以确定这种植物材料的抗癌潜力。总之,这项工作的研究结果支持在加纳本地使用这些植物材料治疗异常组织生长。
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引用次数: 0
Utilization of selected natural products as complementary therapeutic approach for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) management: a literature review 利用精选天然产品作为治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的辅助疗法:文献综述
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00375-w
Farid A. Badria, Abdullah A. Elgazar
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the foremost potential severe disorders, with frequent episodes of complete or partial obstructions of the upper airway during sleep. Therefore, several attempts to find an effective pharmacotherapy by repurposing several drugs such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) were recently considered as alternative therapeutic strategy. So, in this review, we will present non-conventional pharmacological approaches for managing OSA via either repurposing selected natural products or traditional medicine. Scientific databases and literature reviewed in the last twenty years were screened using different keywords related to OSA; exclusion criteria were applied based on the accessibility and the ability of the sources to follow evidence-based approaches. The eligible resources were classified into two main categories: clinical-based studies and preclinical studies. The findings of these studies were analyzed and discussed in light of current evidence derived from recent studies. Several natural components and traditional formulas were found to regulate several molecular targets involved in OSA pathogenesis, supported by several in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Also, natural products subjected to clinical trials give promising results. Still, there are some limitations, such as involving a small number of patients depending on subjective yet acceptable scores rather than objective scores, a lack of positive control groups, or a small number of patients. Therapeutic protocols should consider non-conventional polypharmacological strategies targeting all OSA aspects. Hence, there is an opportunity to reposition some well-defined natural products, such as cinnamic acid derivatives, isoflavones, and lignans, as several evidences from in-vitro, in-vivo, and clinical trials support their potential efficacy in the management of OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是最主要的潜在严重疾病之一,在睡眠过程中上呼吸道经常出现完全或部分阻塞。因此,最近有人尝试通过重新利用几种药物(如血清素再摄取抑制剂(SRIs)和去甲肾上腺素及多巴胺再摄取抑制剂(NDRIs))来寻找有效的药物疗法,并将其视为替代治疗策略。因此,在本综述中,我们将介绍通过重新利用选定的天然产品或传统医学来治疗 OSA 的非常规药理学方法。我们使用与 OSA 相关的不同关键词对过去二十年中的科学数据库和文献进行了筛选;根据资料来源的可获取性和遵循循证方法的能力采用了排除标准。符合条件的资料分为两大类:临床研究和临床前研究。根据最新研究得出的证据,对这些研究结果进行了分析和讨论。经多项体外和体内研究证实,一些天然成分和传统配方可调节 OSA 发病机制中的多个分子靶点。此外,接受临床试验的天然产品也取得了可喜的成果。尽管如此,这些研究仍存在一些局限性,如研究涉及的患者人数较少,研究依据的是主观但可接受的评分而非客观评分,缺乏阳性对照组,或患者人数较少。治疗方案应考虑针对 OSA 所有方面的非常规多药策略。因此,有机会重新定位一些定义明确的天然产品,如肉桂酸衍生物、异黄酮和木酚素,因为来自体外、体内和临床试验的一些证据支持它们在治疗 OSA 方面的潜在疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Phytochemical investigation and in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities of methanol extract of whole plant Argyreia capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr Argyreia capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr全草甲醇提取物的植物化学研究及体内外药理活性
Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00380-z
Mustafiz Chowdhury, Biswantar Chakma, Asraful Islam, Iqbal Sikder, Ramiz Ahmed Sultan
A. capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr has a long history of usage as a medicinal cure for a wide variety of illnesses in many different cultures. Pharmacological properties and phytochemical characterization of the crude A. capitiformis whole plant are evalutted, in this paper. Antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. In vitro anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects were assessed using Bovine serum albumin (BSA), protein denaturation method, and brine shrimp mortality assays, respectively with antihelmintic activity through Pheretima Posthuma worms. Acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and tail immersion testing assessed in vivo analgesia. CNS activity was evaluated through elevated plaze maize, open field, hole cross, and head dipping method. Phytochemiical investigation of A. capitiformis showed the presence of alkaloid, saponin, terpennoids, steroid and flavonoids etc. with the % yield of crude 2.04%.With an IC50 of 45.35 µg/ml, the whole plant methanolic preparation has antioxidant activity equivalent to ascorbic acid. Anti-arthritic protein blocking dropped from 74.25 ± 0.12% to 12.18 ± 0.12%. 1000 µg/ml extract demonstrated 54.05 ± 0.12*% anti-inflammatory activity with protein denaturation. In the cytotoxicity assay, the extract had 129.72 µg/ml LC50 and the positive group 34.67 µg/ml. Unlike Albendazole, the methanol extract triggered mature earthworms at 50 mg/ml. The extract’s analgesic efficacy at 200 and 400 mg/kg was statistically significant (p < 0.001) in the acetic acid writhing and tail immersion method. The hot plate technique yielded statistically significant results only at 400 mg/kg (p < 0.001). Only 400 mg/kg was statistically significant in the Elevated Plaze Maize and Hole Board Procedure (p < 0.01). The hole cross and open field methods yielded highly statistically significant outcomes at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.001). In this research, the whole crude methanol extract of A. capitiformis revealed phytochemicals, antioxidants, in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties, cytotoxicity, anti-helminthic, in vivo analgesic, and CNS inhibitory activities.
在许多不同的文化中,A. capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr 被用作治疗各种疾病的药物已有很长的历史。本文评估了 A. capitiformis 全草粗品的药理特性和植物化学特征。抗氧化活性采用 DPPH 自由基清除法进行测试。分别使用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、蛋白质变性法和盐水虾死亡率试验评估了体外抗关节炎、抗炎和细胞毒性作用,并通过 Pheretima Posthuma 蠕虫评估了抗蠕虫活性。醋酸引起的蠕动、热板和尾部浸泡试验评估了体内镇痛效果。中枢神经系统活性通过高架玉米、露地、孔交叉和头部浸渍法进行评估。A.capitiformis的植物化学研究表明,它含有生物碱、皂苷、萜类、甾体和黄酮类化合物等,粗制率为2.04%。全株甲醇制剂的IC50为45.35 µg/ml,具有相当于抗坏血酸的抗氧化活性。抗关节炎蛋白阻断率从 74.25 ± 0.12% 降至 12.18 ± 0.12%。1000 µg/ml 的提取物具有 54.05 ± 0.12*% 的抗炎活性,蛋白质变性。在细胞毒性试验中,提取物的半数致死浓度为 129.72 微克/毫升,阳性组为 34.67 微克/毫升。与阿苯达唑不同,甲醇提取物在 50 毫克/毫升的浓度下就能诱发成熟的蚯蚓。在醋酸蠕动法和尾部浸泡法中,200 毫克/千克和 400 毫克/千克提取物的镇痛效果具有统计学意义(p < 0.001)。热板技术只有在 400 毫克/千克的剂量下才具有统计学意义(p < 0.001)。在高架玉米垛法和孔板法中,只有 400 毫克/千克的结果具有统计学意义(p < 0.01)。在 200 和 400 毫克/千克时,交叉孔法和露地法的结果具有高度统计学意义(p < 0.001)。在这项研究中,A. capitiformis 全部粗甲醇提取物显示了植物化学物质、抗氧化剂、体外抗炎和抗关节炎特性、细胞毒性、抗蠕虫、体内镇痛和中枢神经系统抑制活性。
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引用次数: 0
Antidiabetic effects of aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina on serum liver markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino Rats: a new data to support its Anti-diabetic effect 杏仁蕨水叶提取物对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病白化大鼠血清肝脏指标的抗糖尿病作用:支持其抗糖尿病作用的新数据
Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00376-9
Falae Esther Adekemi, Jayesinmi Kikelomo Folake, Falae Philips Omowumi
Numerous plants have been explored for their potential antidiabetic properties, and Vernonia amygdalina (VA) stands among them. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic activities of VA and validate its efficacy. An aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaves was obtained through maceration. The antidiabetic effects of this plant extract were evaluated in vivo using diabetic model rats. Albino Wistar rats were induced into a diabetic state through intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin and subsequently treated with an optimal dose of 250 mg/kg aqueous extract of VA over a 21-day period. Parameters such as body weight, blood glucose levels, and serum marker enzymes were measured. The results demonstrated a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the glucose levels of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats following treatment with VA extract, highlighting its potential as an antidiabetic agent that performed comparably to the reference drug, glimepiride. Additionally, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the body weight of the treated diabetic rats was observed. Aqueous extracts also significantly (p < 0.05) altered the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in a manner similar to the glimepiride-treated group. This study affirms the anti-diabetic effects of the aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and suggests that the extract holds promise as an important phytomedicine for the development of more effective treatments for diabetes.
许多植物都具有潜在的抗糖尿病特性,杏仁蕨(VA)就是其中之一。本研究旨在调查 VA 的抗糖尿病活性并验证其功效。研究人员通过浸泡法获得了杏仁蕨叶的水提取物。利用糖尿病模型大鼠对该植物提取物的抗糖尿病作用进行了体内评估。通过腹腔注射链脲霉素诱导白化 Wistar 大鼠进入糖尿病状态,然后用最佳剂量 250 毫克/千克的 VA 水提取物治疗 21 天。对体重、血糖水平和血清标志酶等参数进行了测量。结果表明,使用 VA 提取物治疗后,链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平明显降低(p < 0.05),这凸显了 VA 作为一种抗糖尿病药物的潜力,其表现与参考药物格列美脲相当。此外,还观察到接受治疗的糖尿病大鼠体重明显增加(p < 0.05)。水提取物还能明显(p < 0.05)改变丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的血清浓度,其方式与格列美脲处理组相似。这项研究证实了杏仁蕨水提取物在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中的抗糖尿病作用,并表明该提取物有望成为一种重要的植物药,用于开发更有效的糖尿病治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Acetylcholinesterase inhibition mediated the larvicidal activity of Mangifera indica extract against Culex quinquefasciatus 乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用介导了莽草叶提取物对五带喙库蚊的杀幼虫活性
Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00379-6
Kayeen Vadakkan, Sruthy Satheesan Aravoor, Maya Rajan Mundanttu, Bhavya Krishnamurthy Devanooru, Vidhya Mohanan Puthiyamadathil
The study was formulated to identify the effect of Mangifera indica leaf extract in inhibiting the growth and metamorphosis of Culex quinquefasciatus larva. Bioassay-guided extraction identified the bioactive fraction, after which GC-MS characterized it. The larvicidal activity was analyzed by administrating extract in various concentrations and then subjecting the mortality rate for probit analysis. The morphological and physiological impact upon larvae was understood by histological analysis and acetylcholinesterase activity assay. The results suggested that the extract possessed a high degree of larvicidal activity, whereas the Dose50 was 225.158 ± 15.168 with a Total Chi-Square of 13.09 and p-value of 0.11. The histological studies revealed notable aberrations among the study subjects compared to the control group due to diminished abdominal tissue integrity. It was also observed that the extract could inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity, with an LD 50 of 0.9512 µg/ml. The observations made in these studies may be utilized to develop a potential larvicidal agent that could act upon multiple targets.
本研究旨在确定芒果叶提取物对抑制库蚊幼虫生长和变态的作用。生物测定指导萃取确定了生物活性部分,然后进行了气相色谱-质谱表征。通过给幼虫注射不同浓度的提取物,然后对死亡率进行 probit 分析,分析其杀幼虫活性。通过组织学分析和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性测定了解了对幼虫的形态和生理影响。结果表明,该提取物具有很高的杀幼虫活性,而 Dose50 为 225.158 ± 15.168,总 Chi-Square 为 13.09,P 值为 0.11。组织学研究显示,与对照组相比,研究对象的腹部组织完整性下降,出现了明显的畸变。研究还发现,该提取物能抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性,LD 50 为 0.9512 µg/ml。这些研究结果可用于开发一种可作用于多个靶点的潜在杀幼虫剂。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Avicennan unani drug saad kufi (Cyperus scariosus R.Br) for cardiac activity on isolated Langendorff rat heart 研究阿维森纳药物 saad kufi(Cyperus scariosus R.Br)对离体 Langendorff 大鼠心脏的心脏活性
Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1186/s40816-024-00374-x
Sana Nafees, H. Nafees, K. Amin, Syed Ziaur Rahman
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引用次数: 0
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Clinical Phytoscience
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