美国西北部哥伦比亚高原上受土壤颗粒大小影响的阈值摩擦速度

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Arid Land Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI:10.1007/s40333-024-0081-4
Ruibing Meng, Zhongju Meng, Brenton Sharratt, Jianguo Zhang, Jiale Cai, Xiaoyan Chen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

风蚀是干旱和半干旱地区的一种地貌过程,对区域气候和荒漠化有重大影响。在美国西北部的哥伦比亚高原,根据空气质量标准,黄土细颗粒的排放往往导致空气动力学直径小于或等于 10 µm 的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)超标。然而,人们对这些土壤中不同大小颗粒的阈值摩擦速度(TFV)知之甚少。在这项研究中,对从哥伦比亚高原采集的两种具有代表性的土壤类型(沃登砂壤土和里茨维尔粉砂壤土)的土壤样本进行了筛分,共筛分出七种颗粒大小的组分,然后进行了一项实验,以确定 TFV 与颗粒大小组分之间的关系。结果表明,土壤颗粒大小对土壤运动的启动和 TFV 有明显影响;对于不同颗粒大小的里茨维尔粉质壤土和沃顿砂质壤土,TFV 的范围分别为 0.304-0.844 和 0.249-0.739 m/s。瓦登砂壤土中 63-90 微米土壤颗粒床的 PM10 和总悬浮颗粒 (TSP) 排放量明显高于里茨维尔粉砂壤土。由于沃顿砂壤土的 TFV 较低,因此沃顿砂壤土的细颗粒(直径 100 µm)产生的粉尘排放可能是该地区大气中粉尘的主要来源,因为土壤侵蚀表面产生的 PM10 排放及其随后在大气中的悬浮构成了哥伦比亚高原土壤侵蚀的基本过程。因此,要控制哥伦比亚高原的粉尘排放,就必须制定和实施针对砂质壤土的战略性土地管理措施。
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Threshold friction velocity influenced by soil particle size within the Columbia Plateau, northwestern United States

Wind erosion is a geomorphic process in arid and semi-arid areas and has substantial implications for regional climate and desertification. In the Columbia Plateau of northwestern United States, the emissions from fine particles of loessial soils often contribute to the exceedance of inhalable particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 µm or less (PM10) according to the air quality standards. However, little is known about the threshold friction velocity (TFV) for particles of different sizes that comprise these soils. In this study, soil samples of two representative soil types (Warden sandy loam and Ritzville silt loam) collected from the Columbia Plateau were sieved to seven particle size fractions, and an experiment was then conducted to determine the relationship between TFV and particle size fraction. The results revealed that soil particle size significantly affected the initiation of soil movement and TFV; TFV ranged 0.304–0.844 and 0.249–0.739 m/s for different particle size fractions of Ritzville silt loam and Warden sandy loam, respectively. PM10 and total suspended particulates (TSP) emissions from a bed of 63–90 µm soil particles were markedly higher for Warden sandy loam than for Ritzville silt loam. Together with the lower TFV of Warden sandy loam, dust emissions from fine particles (<100 µm in diameter) of Warden sandy loam thus may be a main contributor to dust in the region’s atmosphere, since the PM10 emissions from the soil erosion surfaces and its ensuing suspension within the atmosphere constitute an essential process of soil erosion in the Columbia Plateau. Developing and implementing strategic land management practices on sandy loam soils is therefore necessary to control dust emissions in the Columbia Plateau.

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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
期刊最新文献
Predicting changes in the suitable habitats of six halophytic plant species in the arid areas of Northwest China Spatiotemporal landscape pattern changes and their effects on land surface temperature in greenbelt with semi-arid climate: A case study of the Erbil City, Iraq Impact of climate and human activity on NDVI of various vegetation types in the Three-River Source Region, China Effects of nitrogen deposition on the carbon budget and water stress in Central Asia under climate change Threshold friction velocity influenced by soil particle size within the Columbia Plateau, northwestern United States
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