在冬季寒冷的湿润温带地区,路旁树木可控制路面湿度

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecohydrology Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1002/eco.2704
Glenn R. Matlack, Issam Khoury, Bhaven Naik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市树冠可以拦截降雨和降雪,从而延长树冠下沥青路面的使用寿命。然而,路面湿润的过程尚未量化,控制因素也不甚了解。在这项研究中,我们记录了路面潮湿的四种形式,并通过实验测试了树木在调节潮湿方面的作用。研究小区位于美国东北部典型城市的一个住宅区,在阔叶行道树下和行道树附近的沥青路面上。对降雨造成的路面潮湿、实验性潮湿后的干燥、冰雪的积累和持续情况进行了记录。树冠下的路面潮湿程度比晴空下的路面潮湿程度滞后 25 到 35 分钟,这一滞后可以防止或减少研究区域 28% 的降雨事件造成的路面潮湿。树冠下的路面干燥速度比空旷地块慢 70%。部分覆盖的地块显示出与太阳直射相一致的中间湿润和干燥特性。在无叶树冠下观察到的积雪明显少于露天下的积雪,而且树冠下的积雪融化得更快。冰的覆盖率和持久性与树冠的开阔程度无关,但受到交通和排水系统的强烈影响。路面小气候与树木大小或树冠孔隙率没有明显差异。我们的结论是,行道树控制路面湿度的范围可能会影响路面结构和使用寿命。树木规模的排列似乎比精细的树冠结构更重要。
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Street‐side trees control pavement wetness in a moist‐temperate region with cold winters
Urban tree canopies intercept rain and snowfall, potentially extending the service life of asphalt pavement below them. However, the process of pavement wetting has not been quantified and controlling factors are poorly understood. In this study, we document four forms of pavement moisture and experimentally test the role of trees in regulating wetness. Study plots were established on asphalt pavement under and adjacent to broad‐leaved street trees in a residential neighbourhood typical of cities in the Northeastern Unites States. Pavement wetting by rainfall, drying after experimental wetting, and accumulation and persistence of snow and ice were recorded. Pavement wetness under a tree canopy lagged 25 to 35 minutes behind pavement under an open sky, a delay that would prevent or reduce wetting in 28% of rain events in the study region. Pavement drying was 70% slower under a canopy than in open plots. Partially covered plots showed intermediate wetting and drying behaviour consistent with direct‐beam solar exposure. Significantly less snow was observed under the leafless canopy than under the open sky, and snow melted faster under the canopy. Ice cover and persistence were unrelated to canopy openness but strongly influenced by traffic and drainage. Pavement microclimate did not differ significantly with tree size or canopy porosity. We conclude that street trees control pavement moisture within ranges that potentially affect pavement structure and longevity. Tree‐scale arrangement appears to be more important than fine‐scale canopy structure.
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来源期刊
Ecohydrology
Ecohydrology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
116
审稿时长
24 months
期刊介绍: Ecohydrology is an international journal publishing original scientific and review papers that aim to improve understanding of processes at the interface between ecology and hydrology and associated applications related to environmental management. Ecohydrology seeks to increase interdisciplinary insights by placing particular emphasis on interactions and associated feedbacks in both space and time between ecological systems and the hydrological cycle. Research contributions are solicited from disciplines focusing on the physical, ecological, biological, biogeochemical, geomorphological, drainage basin, mathematical and methodological aspects of ecohydrology. Research in both terrestrial and aquatic systems is of interest provided it explicitly links ecological systems and the hydrologic cycle; research such as aquatic ecological, channel engineering, or ecological or hydrological modelling is less appropriate for the journal unless it specifically addresses the criteria above. Manuscripts describing individual case studies are of interest in cases where broader insights are discussed beyond site- and species-specific results.
期刊最新文献
Issue Information Temperature-driven convergence and divergence of ecohydrological dynamics in the ecosystems of a sky island mountain range Issue Information Soil Building and Capillary Barrier–Enhanced Water Availability Help Explain Pisonia grandis and Other Atoll Native's Tolerance for Variable Precipitation Regimes Analysis of Research Hot Spots in Chinese and International English Ecohydrological Literature
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