Palas Kumar Farsoiya, Stéphane Popinet, Howard A. Stone, Luc Deike
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引用次数: 0
摘要
需要改进数值方法来了解表面活性剂在界面流体力学中的影响,其应用领域包括薄膜、喷墨打印和海洋-大气相互作用。我们提供了一种三维耦合流体体积(VoF)和相场数值方法,用于模拟含有不溶性表面活性剂的流动的影响。根据表面活性剂传输和马兰戈尼应力的分析案例对该框架进行了验证。然后,我们系统地研究了单个含表面活性剂的上升气泡。在静止液体中上升的清洁气泡的特性受非量纲数的制约,即伽利略数 Ga(比较惯性效应和粘性效应)和邦德数 Bo(比较重力应力和表面张力应力)。不溶性表面活性剂的影响引入了一个额外的独立参数,即马兰戈尼数 Ma,用于比较表面活性剂浓度梯度引起的表面张力变化与粘性力。我们运用数值方法研究了表面活性剂(通过马兰戈尼数)对静止流体中上升气泡的影响。我们观察到,马兰戈尼数的增加首先会降低上升速度,然后在高 Ma 值时达到极限值。我们讨论了相关的表面活性剂积累以及达到稳定状态时的涡旋动力学。最后,我们进行了三维模拟,并证明马兰戈尼效应可以诱导上升轨迹从螺旋上升到设定 Bo 和 Ga 值的之字形上升,这与实验结果一致。
Coupled volume of fluid and phase field method for direct numerical simulation of insoluble surfactant-laden interfacial flows and application to rising bubbles
Improved numerical methods are needed to understand the effect of surfactants in interfacial fluid mechanics, with various applications including thin films, inkjet printing, and ocean-atmosphere interactions. We provide a three-dimensional coupled volume of fluid (VoF) and phase field numerical approach to simulate the effects of insoluble surfactant-laden flows. The framework is validated against analytical cases for surfactant transport and Marangoni stresses. We then systematically investigate a single surfactant-laden rising bubble. The characteristics of a clean bubble rising in a quiescent liquid are governed by nondimensional numbers, i.e., the Galileo number , which compares inertial and viscous effects, and the Bond number , which compares gravitational and surface tension stresses. The effect of insoluble surfactants introduces an additional independent parameter, the Marangoni number , comparing the change in surface tension forces due to gradients in surfactants concentration with viscous forces. We apply our numerical methods to investigate the influence of surfactants (through the Marangoni number) on rising bubbles in otherwise quiescent fluids. We observe that an increase in the Marangoni number first decreases the rise velocity before reaching a limiting value at high . The value of necessary to observe a significant slowdown increases with . We discuss the associated surfactant accumulation and the vortical dynamics when a steady state is reached. Finally, we perform three-dimensional simulations and demonstrate that Marangoni effects can induce a change in the rise trajectory from spiraling to zigzagging for set values of Bo and Ga, consistent with experimental results.
期刊介绍:
Physical Review Fluids is APS’s newest online-only journal dedicated to publishing innovative research that will significantly advance the fundamental understanding of fluid dynamics. Physical Review Fluids expands the scope of the APS journals to include additional areas of fluid dynamics research, complements the existing Physical Review collection, and maintains the same quality and reputation that authors and subscribers expect from APS. The journal is published with the endorsement of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics.