High performance filtering and high-sensitivity concentration retrieval of methane in photoacoustic spectroscopy utilizing deep learning residual networks

A novel method is introduced to improve the detection performance of photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace gas detection. For effectively suppressing various types of noise, this method integrates photoacoustic spectroscopy with residual networks model which encompasses a total of 40 weighted layers. Firstly, this approach was employed to accurately retrieve methane concentrations at various levels. Secondly, the analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of multiple sets of photoacoustic spectroscopy signals revealed significant enhancement. The SNR was improved from 21 to 805, 52–962, 98–944, 188–933, 310–941, and 587–936 across the different concentrations, respectively, as a result of the application of the residual networks. Finally, further exploration for the measurement precision and stability of photoacoustic spectroscopy system utilizing residual networks was carried out. The measurement precision of 0.0626 ppm was obtained and the minimum detectable limit was found to be 1.47 ppb. Compared to traditional photoacoustic spectroscopy method, an approximately 46-fold improvement in detection limit and 69-fold enhancement in measurement precision were achieved, respectively. This method not only advances the measurement precision and stability of trace gas detection but also highlights the potential of deep learning algorithms in spectroscopy detection.