在小学进行为期 3 个月的综合神经肌肉训练后，儿童唾液 BDNF 增加，基本运动技能提高。

IF 2.6 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.3390/jfmk9030154

Fidanka Vasileva, Raquel Font-Lladó, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Víctor López-Ros, Anna Ferrusola-Pastrana, Abel López-Bermejo, Anna Prats-Puig

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引用次数: 0

摘要

脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）是一种参与突触传递和神经元可塑性的蛋白质，是学习和记忆形成过程的基础。急性运动和运动训练可增加 BDNF 的浓度。我们旨在评估为期 3 个月的综合神经肌肉训练（INT）对学龄儿童唾液 BDNF 浓度和掌握基本运动技能的影响。另一个目标是探索 BDNF 的潜在变化与基本运动技能之间的关联。67名小学学龄儿童被随机分配到对照组（32人；7.52 ± 0.31岁）或INT组（35人；7.56 ± 0.29岁）。在体育课的热身过程中进行为期 3 个月的 INT，每周两次。在基线期和 3 个月后，使用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法测量唾液 BDNF，并使用 CAMSA 测试评估基本运动技能的掌握情况。与对照组儿童相比，INT 组儿童的唾液 BDNF 较高（F = 8.865；p = 0.004），侧步（F = 13.240，p = 0.001）、单脚跳（F = 11.684，p = 0.001）、踢（F = 4.3个月后，唾液分泌量增加（F = 13.240，p = 0.001）、一尺跳（F = 11.684，p = 0.001）、踢（F = 4.010，p = 0.050）、运动技能总和（F = 18.799，p < 0.0001）、控制和操作技能总和（F = 8.151，p = 0.006）以及基本运动技能总和（F = 11.266，p = 0.001）。有趣的是，为期 3 个月的 INT 后唾液 BDNF 浓度的增加与运动技能的提高（β = 0.385；p = 0.039；调整后 R2 = 0.088）和基本运动技能总和的提高（β = 0.428；p = 0.020；调整后 R2 = 0.124）相关。为期 3 个月的校本 INT 增加了唾液 BDNF，提高了儿童对基本运动技能的掌握，凸显了这一干预措施对儿童群体的积极影响。

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Increased Salivary BDNF and Improved Fundamental Motor Skills in Children Following a 3-Month Integrated Neuromuscular Training in Primary School.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein involved in synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity, which underlie the processes of learning and memory formation. Acute exercise and exercise training increase BDNF concentration. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a 3-month integrated neuromuscular training (INT) on salivary BDNF concentration and the mastery of fundamental motor skills in school-aged children. An additional goal was to explore the associations between potential changes in BDNF and fundamental motor skills. Sixty-seven primary school-aged children were randomly allocated to control (N = 32; 7.52 ± 0.31 y) or INT groups (N = 35; 7.56 ± 0.29 y). A 3-month INT was applied during the warm-up of physical education (PE) classes, twice weekly. Salivary BDNF was measured using a sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mastery of fundamental motor skills was assessed using the CAMSA test, at baseline and after 3 months. The children in the INT group, as compared to the children in the control group, exhibited higher salivary BDNF (F = 8.865; p = 0.004), higher scores for sidestep (F = 13.240, p = 0.001), 1-foot hop (F = 11.684, p = 0.001), kick (F = 4.010, p = 0.050), the sum of locomotor skills (F = 18.799, p < 0.0001), and the sum of control and manipulative skills (F = 8.151, p = 0.006), as well as the total sum of fundamental motor skills (F = 11.266, p = 0.001) after the 3 months. Interestingly, the increase in salivary BDNF concentration after the 3-month INT was associated with an improvement in locomotor skills (beta = 0.385; p = 0.039; adjusted R² = 0.088) and the total improvement in fundamental motor skills (beta = 0.428; p = 0.020; adjusted R² = 0.124). A school-based 3-month INT increased salivary BDNF and improved the mastery of fundamental motor skills in children, highlighting the positive impact of this intervention for a pediatric population.