{"title":"环境持久性自由基很容易在 TiO2 上形成,而在 ZnO 纳米粒子上则不然","authors":"Eric Vejerano, Jeonghyeon Ahn","doi":"10.1039/d4en00500g","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are stable organic radicals and pollutants in atmospheric and soil particles. Knowledge of EPFR formation on pristine, unsupported engineered nanoparticles is limited. This study investigates the potential of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles in aiding aromatic precursors in forming EPFRs and is an experimental verification of our earlier prediction on nanoparticles’ potential to form EPFRs. TiO2 formed EPFRs regardless of size, while ZnO exhibited size-dependent behavior. Only smaller ZnO particles readily produced EPFRs. Larger ZnO particles only formed EPFRs when pretreated with ethanol. EPFRs formed on TiO2 and ZnO near room temperature, challenging the belief that relatively high temperatures are needed for EPFRs to form. The yields of EPFRs on pristine TiO2 and ZnO were comparable to those found in atmospheric particulate matter. We identified four types of EPFRs: carbon-centered phenoxyl, oxygen-centered phenoxyl, carbon-centered semiquinone, and oxygen-centered semiquinone radicals. Our study suggests the role of band bending in forming EPFRs on TiO2 and ZnO, in which the adsorption of aromatic precursor acts as an electron acceptor or donor. Our findings suggest that EPFRs may form in unexpected places and conditions where TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles are present.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Environmentally persistent free radicals readily form on TiO2 but not on ZnO nanoparticles\",\"authors\":\"Eric Vejerano, Jeonghyeon Ahn\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/d4en00500g\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are stable organic radicals and pollutants in atmospheric and soil particles. Knowledge of EPFR formation on pristine, unsupported engineered nanoparticles is limited. This study investigates the potential of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles in aiding aromatic precursors in forming EPFRs and is an experimental verification of our earlier prediction on nanoparticles’ potential to form EPFRs. TiO2 formed EPFRs regardless of size, while ZnO exhibited size-dependent behavior. Only smaller ZnO particles readily produced EPFRs. Larger ZnO particles only formed EPFRs when pretreated with ethanol. EPFRs formed on TiO2 and ZnO near room temperature, challenging the belief that relatively high temperatures are needed for EPFRs to form. The yields of EPFRs on pristine TiO2 and ZnO were comparable to those found in atmospheric particulate matter. We identified four types of EPFRs: carbon-centered phenoxyl, oxygen-centered phenoxyl, carbon-centered semiquinone, and oxygen-centered semiquinone radicals. Our study suggests the role of band bending in forming EPFRs on TiO2 and ZnO, in which the adsorption of aromatic precursor acts as an electron acceptor or donor. Our findings suggest that EPFRs may form in unexpected places and conditions where TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles are present.\",\"PeriodicalId\":5,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"6\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00500g\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00500g","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmentally persistent free radicals readily form on TiO2 but not on ZnO nanoparticles
Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are stable organic radicals and pollutants in atmospheric and soil particles. Knowledge of EPFR formation on pristine, unsupported engineered nanoparticles is limited. This study investigates the potential of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles in aiding aromatic precursors in forming EPFRs and is an experimental verification of our earlier prediction on nanoparticles’ potential to form EPFRs. TiO2 formed EPFRs regardless of size, while ZnO exhibited size-dependent behavior. Only smaller ZnO particles readily produced EPFRs. Larger ZnO particles only formed EPFRs when pretreated with ethanol. EPFRs formed on TiO2 and ZnO near room temperature, challenging the belief that relatively high temperatures are needed for EPFRs to form. The yields of EPFRs on pristine TiO2 and ZnO were comparable to those found in atmospheric particulate matter. We identified four types of EPFRs: carbon-centered phenoxyl, oxygen-centered phenoxyl, carbon-centered semiquinone, and oxygen-centered semiquinone radicals. Our study suggests the role of band bending in forming EPFRs on TiO2 and ZnO, in which the adsorption of aromatic precursor acts as an electron acceptor or donor. Our findings suggest that EPFRs may form in unexpected places and conditions where TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles are present.
期刊介绍:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.