颠茄中毒导致的严重神经中毒:病例报告和文献综述。

IF 0.9 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Case Reports in Neurological Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2024/5411258
Seyed Javad Boskabadi, Sima Ramezaninejad, Zakaria Zakariaei
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引用次数: 0

摘要

颠茄(Atropa belladonna)俗称致命夜来香,是茄科的一种有毒植物。颠茄的毒性作用可归因于其生物碱成分,它具有强大的抗胆碱能特性。这些生物碱是造成该植物毒性的原因,摄入或接触后会对人类和动物造成一系列不良影响。在本报告中,我们描述了两例因误食颠茄生叶而导致的颠茄中毒的非典型病例。两名患者都出现了抗胆碱能中毒症状,包括口干、瞳孔散大、心动过速和谵妄。对患者采取了保守治疗和支持措施,包括补充水分和服用苯二氮卓类药物以控制躁动和谵妄。经过适当治疗后,两名患者的病情均有所好转,并已出院。颠茄中毒会出现一系列临床表现,主要是由于其神经毒性作用。这些表现可能包括潮红、瞳孔散大、心动过速、共济失调、躁动、谵妄和尿潴留。症状的严重程度因摄入的毒素量和个人的易感性而异。严重时,颠茄毒素可导致抽搐、昏迷甚至死亡。这些病例凸显了认识颠茄素潜在毒性的重要性,以及对其毒性进行及时、适当处理的必要性。在严重病例中,由于颠茄草具有抗胆碱能作用,因此可以考虑使用扑尔敏来治疗神经症状。
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Severe Neurotoxicity due to Atropa belladonna Poisoning: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Atropa belladonna (A. belladonna), commonly known as deadly nightshade, is a poisonous plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. The toxic effects of A. belladonna are attributable to its alkaloid content, which possesses potent anticholinergic properties. These alkaloids are responsible for the plant's toxicity and can cause a range of adverse effects in humans and animals upon ingestion or contact. In this report, we describe two atypical cases of A. belladonna poisoning resulting from accidental ingestion of the plant's raw leaves, which were referred to the emergency room of a poisoning center in northern Iran. Both patients presented with symptoms of anticholinergic toxicity, including dry mouth, mydriasis, tachycardia, and delirium. The patients were managed conservatively with supportive measures, including hydration and administration of benzodiazepines to control agitation and delirium. With appropriate treatment, both patients showed improvement and were discharged from the hospital. A. belladonna intoxication is associated with a range of clinical manifestations, primarily due to its neurotoxic effects. These manifestations may include flushing, mydriasis, tachycardia, ataxia, agitation, delirium, and urinary retention. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the amount of the toxin ingested and the individual's susceptibility. In severe cases, A. belladonna toxicity can lead to seizures, coma, and even death. These cases highlight the importance of awareness regarding the potential toxicity of A. belladonna and the necessity of prompt and appropriate management of its toxicity. In severe cases, physostigmine may be considered for the treatment of neurological symptoms due to the plant's anticholinergic effects.

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