瞬时生长:C3 和 C4 植物叶片和根部有效碳氮分配的紧凑测量方法。

IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Physiologia plantarum Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1111/ppl.14535
Chandra Bellasio
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引用次数: 0

摘要

要阐明植物的功能并找出作物生产力的瓶颈,就必须对其性能进行精确量化。光合作用模型已经实现了这一任务。然而,这些模型传统上只关注叶片吸收二氧化碳的能力,局限性越来越大。先进的 C3 植物生物工程已经可以通过在叶片内更密集地排列光合结构来提高二氧化碳吸收率。将二氧化碳集中在叶片内的机制可以提高同化率,同时降低对羧化酶的投资。因此,无论是在自生植物还是现代操纵的背景下,考虑资源利用效率的权衡都是至关重要的。我开发了一种简洁而通用的分析模型,通过平衡碳和氮的瞬时通量来模拟叶片和根系的同时生长。碳由叶片光合作用提供,包括各种类型的生化反应,而氮则由根吸收或在衰老后重新固定。叶氮在光反应或碳反应之间的分配是通过拟合算法确定的:生长最大化是唯一可靠的拟合目标。叶氮库和根叶比都对各种环境因素(二氧化碳浓度、光照强度、土壤氮)做出了真实的反应,复制了在植物中观察到的典型趋势。此外,事实证明,改变二氧化碳浓缩机制的强度足以改变 C3 和 C4 类型之间的根叶比。这种一一对应的直接机理联系首次令人信服地证明了形态特征对单一生化特性的功能依赖性。
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Instantaneous growth: a compact measure of efficient carbon and nitrogen allocation in leaves and roots of C3 and C4 plants.

Elucidating plant functions and identifying crop productivity bottlenecks requires the accurate quantification of their performance. This task has been attained through photosynthetic models. However, their traditional focus on the leaf's capacity to uptake CO2 is becoming increasingly restrictive. Advanced bioengineering of C3 plants has made it possible to increase rates of CO2 assimilation by packing photosynthetic structures more densely within leaves. The operation of mechanisms that concentrate CO2 inside leaves can boost rates of assimilation while requiring a lower investment in carboxylating enzymes. Therefore, whether in the context of spontaneous plants or modern manipulation, considering trade-offs in resource utilization efficiency emerges as a critical necessity. I've developed a concise and versatile analytical model that simulates concurrent leaf and root growth by balancing instantaneous fluxes of carbon and nitrogen. Carbon is made available by leaf photosynthesis, encompassing all types of biochemistries, while nitrogen is either taken up by roots or remobilized after senescence. The allocation of leaf nitrogen between light or carbon reactions was determined using a fitting algorithm: growth maximisation was the only reliable fitting goal. Both the leaf nitrogen pool and the root-to-leaf ratio responded realistically to various environmental drivers (CO2 concentration, light intensity, soil nitrogen), replicating trends typically observed in plants. Furthermore, modifying the strength of CO2 concentrating mechanisms proved sufficient to alter the root-to-leaf ratio between C3 and C4 types. This direct and mechanistic one-to-one link convincingly demonstrates, for the first time, the functional dependence of a morphological trait on a single biochemical property.

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来源期刊
Physiologia plantarum
Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
224
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.
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