Vocs pollution and respiratory exposure in commercial and residential underground parking garages

The indoor air quality in Underground Parking Garages (UPGs) has deteriorated significantly, primarily due to the high concentrations of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by idling or low-speed motor vehicles. However, the compositional characteristics and respiratory exposure to VOCs in UPGs have not been quantitatively analyzed. To establish a method for investigating the respiratory exposure to VOCs among different populations in UPGs, a three-dimensional dynamic diffusion model of indoor pollutants was developed based on monitoring data from 116 components in various UPGs in a large city in northern China. The results indicated that air pollution in underground spaces poses significant health risks to workers and children. Furthermore, a comprehensive approach is essential for improving ventilation capacity and air quality in underground transportation spaces.