洪水易发地区基于风险的避难所网络设计:在海地的应用

IF 6.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Omega-international Journal of Management Science Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI:10.1016/j.omega.2024.103194
Maedeh Sharbaf , Valérie Bélanger , Marilène Cherkesly , Marie-Ève Rancourt , Giovanni Michele Toglia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当洪水等灾害危及人类安全时,就会发生撤离。避难所在为流离失所者或失去住房者提供保护方面发挥着至关重要的作用,强调了安全无障碍的要求。本文介绍了一种利用数学编程的系统优化工具,以帮助决策者设计有效的避难所网络。这是一种有效的备灾决策,因为考虑到应对阶段的洪水状况,它能最大限度地降低网络的总风险,同时最大限度地覆盖最易受到灾害影响的人群。我们提出了一种基于风险的方法,即对避难所网络的固有风险(即人口、避难所和疏散风险)进行全面评估和测量,并根据经验研究成果考虑洪水的影响。为了提出一个参数化和有效的问题,进行了广泛的数据收集和处理,并使用地理信息系统(GIS)进行数据管理。该项目与世界银行和海地政府合作,为一项发展计划做出了贡献,该计划的重点是加强海地的灾害应对能力和基础设施,因为海地经常遭受毁灭性洪灾,需要加强现有的避难所网络。详细的计算结果凸显了我们基于风险的方法与更常见方法相比的价值,强调了对解决实际人道主义问题的贡献。
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Risk-based shelter network design in flood-prone areas: An application to Haiti
Evacuations occur when human safety is compromised by disasters, such as floods. Shelters play a crucial role in providing protection for individuals who have been displaced or have lost their housing, emphasizing the requirement for secure accessibility. This paper introduces an systematic optimization tool, utilizing mathematical programming, to assist decision-makers in designing an effective shelter network. It is effective preparedness decision as it minimizes the total risk of the network considering its flooding condition during the response phase while maximizing coverage for those most exposed and vulnerable to hazard. We propose a risk-based approach, wherein the inherent risks of the shelter network (i.e., population, shelter, and evacuation risks) have been thoroughly assessed and measured to consider the impacts of floods based on empirical research outputs. To formulate a well-parameterized and valid problem, extensive data collection and processing, incorporating the use of geographic information system (GIS) for data management, have been conducted. In collaboration with the World Bank and Government of Haiti, this project contributes to a development initiative focused on strengthening disaster response capacity and infrastructure for Haiti, experiencing recurrent devastating floods and in need of enhancing its existing shelter network. Detailed computational results highlight the value of our risk-based methodology compared to more common approaches, emphasizing contributions to addressing real humanitarian problems.
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来源期刊
Omega-international Journal of Management Science
Omega-international Journal of Management Science 管理科学-运筹学与管理科学
CiteScore
13.80
自引率
11.60%
发文量
130
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Omega reports on developments in management, including the latest research results and applications. Original contributions and review articles describe the state of the art in specific fields or functions of management, while there are shorter critical assessments of particular management techniques. Other features of the journal are the "Memoranda" section for short communications and "Feedback", a correspondence column. Omega is both stimulating reading and an important source for practising managers, specialists in management services, operational research workers and management scientists, management consultants, academics, students and research personnel throughout the world. The material published is of high quality and relevance, written in a manner which makes it accessible to all of this wide-ranging readership. Preference will be given to papers with implications to the practice of management. Submissions of purely theoretical papers are discouraged. The review of material for publication in the journal reflects this aim.
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