Matcha and exercise synergy: Elucidating mechanisms and central signaling pathways modulating glycolipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Matcha green tea, renowned for its rich composition of catechin, theanine, caffeine, and fiber-bound polyphenols, distinguishes itself with heightened bioavailability and promising potential in addressing obesity and metabolic disorders. Our comprehensive analysis delved into matcha's components and antioxidant activity. Employing a multi-omics approach, we explored the synergistic effects of matcha combined with voluntary exercise, focusing on anti-obesity outcomes in high-fat diet mice. Our findings revealed that matcha co-exercise significantly mitigates glycolipid metabolism abnormalities, increasing serum antioxidant enzymes. This combination notably influences peripheral metabolism, especially amino acids and their metabolisms. Moreover, the observed activation of the BMP-SMAD signaling in the hypothalamus implies a central regulatory role mediating matcha co-exercise effects. Collectively, these findings underscore matcha's potential as a robust adjunct in mitigating obesity through antioxidant and metabolic regulation, supporting its use as a promising supplement to enhance exercise benefits in combating obesity.