Pedro Martínez-Rodríguez, Paula Henarejos-Escudero, Samanta Hernández-García, Álvaro Sánchez‐Ferrer, F. Gandía-Herrero
Anti‐amyloidogenic properties of plant pigments betalains as potential nutraceuticals against Alzheimer's disease have been screened using 24 pure molecules. Twenty‐two betalains reduced amyloid aggregation in vitro, eight of them up to 100%, with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy images showed the typical fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease and how betalains avoid its formation. Neuroprotection after ingestion was supported by in vivo experiments with Caenorhabditis elegans. Indoline‐betacyanin was the most effective molecule by significantly improving the chemotactic behavior of the CL2355 strain, a model of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, in‐depth molecular docking analyses revealed that the pigments interact with the N‐terminal region of the amyloid peptide. This work is the most comprehensive study in the field and provides in vitro, in vivo, and in silico evidence for the use of betalains as nutraceuticals of relevance in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
研究人员使用 24 种纯分子筛选了植物色素甜菜苷的抗淀粉样蛋白生成特性，这些植物色素甜菜苷可作为抗老年痴呆症的潜在营养保健品。22 种桦木烷在体外减少了淀粉样蛋白的聚集，其中 8 种达到 100%，IC50 值在微摩尔范围内。原子力和透射电子显微镜图像显示了与阿尔茨海默氏症有关的典型纤维，以及甜菜苷如何避免其形成。用秀丽隐杆线虫进行的体内实验证实了摄入后的神经保护作用。吲哚啉-betacyanin是最有效的分子，它显著改善了阿尔茨海默病模型CL2355株的趋化行为。此外，深入的分子对接分析表明，色素与淀粉样肽的 N 端区域相互作用。这项工作是该领域最全面的研究，为将甜菜苷作为营养保健品用于预防阿尔茨海默病提供了体外、体内和硅学方面的证据。
{"title":"In vitro, in vivo, and in silico evidence for the use of plant pigments betalains as potential nutraceuticals against Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Pedro Martínez-Rodríguez, Paula Henarejos-Escudero, Samanta Hernández-García, Álvaro Sánchez‐Ferrer, F. Gandía-Herrero","doi":"10.1002/fft2.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.453","url":null,"abstract":"Anti‐amyloidogenic properties of plant pigments betalains as potential nutraceuticals against Alzheimer's disease have been screened using 24 pure molecules. Twenty‐two betalains reduced amyloid aggregation in vitro, eight of them up to 100%, with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy images showed the typical fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease and how betalains avoid its formation. Neuroprotection after ingestion was supported by in vivo experiments with Caenorhabditis elegans. Indoline‐betacyanin was the most effective molecule by significantly improving the chemotactic behavior of the CL2355 strain, a model of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, in‐depth molecular docking analyses revealed that the pigments interact with the N‐terminal region of the amyloid peptide. This work is the most comprehensive study in the field and provides in vitro, in vivo, and in silico evidence for the use of betalains as nutraceuticals of relevance in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengling Tan, Pengfei Cui, Siting Li, Yingxia Tan, Aijin Ma
Food nutrition and safety are the cornerstones of food industry, and appropriate research models are crucial. Unlike traditional animal models, the novel organoid model with unique humanization and genome stability has attracted great attentions in food research. However, there lacks systematic review on the application of organoids in food research. This review compared the organoid model with traditional animal and two‐dimensional cell models, followed by a systemic evaluation of the organoid model in food nutrition and safety regarding foodborne pathogenic bacteria, functional food factors, toxicology, flavor perception, and so on. Furthermore, emerging micromachining technologies such as microfluidic technology and three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting were analyzed to improve the microenvironment and maturity of organoids. Although organoids overcome some shortcomings associated with traditional models, there are still some challenges to simulate the in vivo microenvironment fully. The development direction of organoids is integrating advanced technologies such as microfluidic technology, novel biomaterial scaffold, and 3D bioprinting with multi‐organ coculture technology and multi‐scale real‐time monitoring systems. The innovative development of organoid technology is expected to provide a theoretical basis for developing future foods represented by cell‐cultured meat and synthetic biological foods and for the research of food nutrition and safety.
{"title":"Novel organoids mode evaluating the food nutrition and safety: Current state and future prospects","authors":"Fengling Tan, Pengfei Cui, Siting Li, Yingxia Tan, Aijin Ma","doi":"10.1002/fft2.451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.451","url":null,"abstract":"Food nutrition and safety are the cornerstones of food industry, and appropriate research models are crucial. Unlike traditional animal models, the novel organoid model with unique humanization and genome stability has attracted great attentions in food research. However, there lacks systematic review on the application of organoids in food research. This review compared the organoid model with traditional animal and two‐dimensional cell models, followed by a systemic evaluation of the organoid model in food nutrition and safety regarding foodborne pathogenic bacteria, functional food factors, toxicology, flavor perception, and so on. Furthermore, emerging micromachining technologies such as microfluidic technology and three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting were analyzed to improve the microenvironment and maturity of organoids. Although organoids overcome some shortcomings associated with traditional models, there are still some challenges to simulate the in vivo microenvironment fully. The development direction of organoids is integrating advanced technologies such as microfluidic technology, novel biomaterial scaffold, and 3D bioprinting with multi‐organ coculture technology and multi‐scale real‐time monitoring systems. The innovative development of organoid technology is expected to provide a theoretical basis for developing future foods represented by cell‐cultured meat and synthetic biological foods and for the research of food nutrition and safety.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Disruption of the bone metabolic balance with advancing age leads to an escalating prevalence of bone‐related diseases, significantly compromising individuals’ quality of life. The gut microbiota actively participates in the regulation of bone metabolism, and perturbations in the gut microbiota can exacerbate bone diseases by compromising gut barrier integrity. Determining the microbial taxa involved in bone loss could offer valuable insights into the development of alternative therapies and nutritional interventions for disease management. Therefore, based on metagenomic and 16S ribosomal RNA data, this study analyzed the gut microbiota structure of 488 individuals with different bone masses (NC, normal; ON, osteopenia; OP, osteoporosis) to identify significant associations between the gut microbiota and bone loss. The results showed that at the genus and species levels, the microbiota diversity of the ON population increased, whereas that of the OP population decreased. Bacteroides were significantly enriched in the OP population, whereas the beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and lactobacilli decreased. Subsequent analyses revealed no significant variation in different bone populations in terms of Bifidobacterium levels, whereas lactobacilli exhibited diverse responses across distinct bone populations. The administration of lactobacilli effectively enhanced lumbar spine bone mineral density and modulated the gut microbiota structure in a population with unhealthy bone mass. This study contributes to the validation of the association between the gut microbiota and bone mass, enhances our understanding of the potential impact of probiotics (lactobacilli) on bone mass, and establishes a robust scientific basis for the application of probiotics in the regulation of bone mass.
随着年龄的增长，骨代谢平衡受到破坏，导致骨相关疾病的发病率不断上升，严重影响个人的生活质量。肠道微生物群积极参与骨代谢的调节，而肠道微生物群的紊乱会损害肠道屏障的完整性，从而加剧骨病。确定参与骨质流失的微生物类群可为开发替代疗法和疾病管理营养干预措施提供有价值的见解。因此，本研究基于元基因组和 16S 核糖体 RNA 数据，分析了 488 名不同骨质（NC，正常；ON，骨质疏松症；OP，骨质疏松症）个体的肠道微生物群结构，以确定肠道微生物群与骨质流失之间的显著关联。结果显示，在属和种水平上，ON人群的微生物群多样性增加，而OP人群的微生物群多样性减少。在 OP 群体中，乳杆菌明显增多，而有益菌双歧杆菌、Akkermansia 和乳杆菌则有所减少。随后的分析表明，不同骨群的双歧杆菌水平没有明显差异，而乳酸杆菌在不同骨群中表现出不同的反应。服用乳酸菌能有效提高腰椎骨矿物质密度，并调节骨质不健康人群的肠道微生物群结构。这项研究有助于验证肠道微生物群与骨量之间的关系，加深我们对益生菌（乳酸菌）对骨量的潜在影响的理解，并为益生菌在骨量调节中的应用奠定坚实的科学基础。
{"title":"Structural difference analysis of gut microbiota in different bone mass populations and relevant probiotic (lactobacilli) supplementation strategies","authors":"Jiani Pan, Pingping Yin, Leilei Yu, Heng Zhang, Chengcheng Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, F. Tian, Q. Zhai","doi":"10.1002/fft2.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.449","url":null,"abstract":"Disruption of the bone metabolic balance with advancing age leads to an escalating prevalence of bone‐related diseases, significantly compromising individuals’ quality of life. The gut microbiota actively participates in the regulation of bone metabolism, and perturbations in the gut microbiota can exacerbate bone diseases by compromising gut barrier integrity. Determining the microbial taxa involved in bone loss could offer valuable insights into the development of alternative therapies and nutritional interventions for disease management. Therefore, based on metagenomic and 16S ribosomal RNA data, this study analyzed the gut microbiota structure of 488 individuals with different bone masses (NC, normal; ON, osteopenia; OP, osteoporosis) to identify significant associations between the gut microbiota and bone loss. The results showed that at the genus and species levels, the microbiota diversity of the ON population increased, whereas that of the OP population decreased. Bacteroides were significantly enriched in the OP population, whereas the beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and lactobacilli decreased. Subsequent analyses revealed no significant variation in different bone populations in terms of Bifidobacterium levels, whereas lactobacilli exhibited diverse responses across distinct bone populations. The administration of lactobacilli effectively enhanced lumbar spine bone mineral density and modulated the gut microbiota structure in a population with unhealthy bone mass. This study contributes to the validation of the association between the gut microbiota and bone mass, enhances our understanding of the potential impact of probiotics (lactobacilli) on bone mass, and establishes a robust scientific basis for the application of probiotics in the regulation of bone mass.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongjie Zhou, Hanxiu Meng, Ning Ding, Hui Hong, Yongkang Luo, Chao Wu, Yuqing Tan
The intricate causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) hinder effective, lasting treatment. Although the dietary modulation of the brain–gut axis was explored for AD therapy, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study suggested that 140 days of the whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) intake could attenuate the AD pathologic symptoms in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via a bidirectional action of the gut microbe–SCFA (short‐chain fatty acid)–brain axis. Behavioral tests demonstrated that high‐dose WPH (WPH‐H, 100 mg/kg body weight [bw]) improved passive and recognition memory in mice. Furthermore, WPH‐H significantly reduced amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ1–42) levels in serum (p < .05) and brain (p < .001) while enhancing serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < .01). Brain acetylcholinesterase (p < .01) activity and pro‐inflammatory factors in serum were also reduced. Notably, WPH‐H remodeled gut microbiota composition by increasing Dubosiella and decreasing Bacteroides and norank_f__Ruminococcaceae while stimulating SCFA production. Proteomics indicated that WPH enhanced neurotoxic Aβ autophagy, synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter delivery, and antioxidative stress response via regulated protein expression. Correlation analysis revealed strong links between modified gut microbiota, elevated SCFA levels, and hippocampal protein up‐regulation (Atg4b, Nsfl1c, Tcf20, Nr2f1, and Trappc9) and down‐regulation (Krt1). Overall, the amelioration of memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice through WPH‐H consumption can be attributed to the interconnected interactions among gut microbes, SCFAs, and brain. Our study illuminated the intricate interplay between nutrition, gut health, and memory function, emphasizing WPH's potential in alleviating AD symptoms.
{"title":"Whey protein hydrolysate intervention ameliorates memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice: Unveiling gut microbe–short‐chain fatty acid–brain axis","authors":"Yongjie Zhou, Hanxiu Meng, Ning Ding, Hui Hong, Yongkang Luo, Chao Wu, Yuqing Tan","doi":"10.1002/fft2.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.448","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) hinder effective, lasting treatment. Although the dietary modulation of the brain–gut axis was explored for AD therapy, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study suggested that 140 days of the whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) intake could attenuate the AD pathologic symptoms in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via a bidirectional action of the gut microbe–SCFA (short‐chain fatty acid)–brain axis. Behavioral tests demonstrated that high‐dose WPH (WPH‐H, 100 mg/kg body weight [bw]) improved passive and recognition memory in mice. Furthermore, WPH‐H significantly reduced amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ1–42) levels in serum (p < .05) and brain (p < .001) while enhancing serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < .01). Brain acetylcholinesterase (p < .01) activity and pro‐inflammatory factors in serum were also reduced. Notably, WPH‐H remodeled gut microbiota composition by increasing Dubosiella and decreasing Bacteroides and norank_f__Ruminococcaceae while stimulating SCFA production. Proteomics indicated that WPH enhanced neurotoxic Aβ autophagy, synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter delivery, and antioxidative stress response via regulated protein expression. Correlation analysis revealed strong links between modified gut microbiota, elevated SCFA levels, and hippocampal protein up‐regulation (Atg4b, Nsfl1c, Tcf20, Nr2f1, and Trappc9) and down‐regulation (Krt1). Overall, the amelioration of memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice through WPH‐H consumption can be attributed to the interconnected interactions among gut microbes, SCFAs, and brain. Our study illuminated the intricate interplay between nutrition, gut health, and memory function, emphasizing WPH's potential in alleviating AD symptoms.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is crucial to improve the gel properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in the production of surimi products. This study investigated the effects of combining acetylated distarch phosphate (ADSP) with pea protein isolate (PPI) as exogenous additives on the physicochemical properties of Larimichthys crocea MP gel and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the improvement of MP gel quality. The results showed that the mixture of 3% ADSP and 1% PPI increased the MP gel strength to 2.1 times and water holding capacity to 1.8 times. The rheological properties during thermal‐induced gelation were improved, and the surface roughness of gel microstructure was reduced. The protein conformation was stabilized by enhancing surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content, and the gels showed trends of decreasing α‐helix and increasing random coils. Correlation and cluster analysis showed that physicochemical properties of MP gels were closely related to the changes of protein structure and the denaturation of active groups. The molecular interaction between ADSP, PPI, and MP and the mechanism of enhancing the properties and functions of MP gel were further clarified. These findings highlight the feasibility of ADSP–PPI as an effective strategy to improve the quality of fish MP gel.
{"title":"Molecular mechanism of acetylated distarch phosphate with pea protein isolate to improve the gel quality of myofibrillar protein gel","authors":"Wenting Jiang, Jiulin Wu, Fujia Yang, Xu Chen, Meizhen Chen, Jianlian Huang, Jinhong Wu, Shuo Wan, Xixi Cai, Shaoyun Wang","doi":"10.1002/fft2.447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.447","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial to improve the gel properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in the production of surimi products. This study investigated the effects of combining acetylated distarch phosphate (ADSP) with pea protein isolate (PPI) as exogenous additives on the physicochemical properties of Larimichthys crocea MP gel and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the improvement of MP gel quality. The results showed that the mixture of 3% ADSP and 1% PPI increased the MP gel strength to 2.1 times and water holding capacity to 1.8 times. The rheological properties during thermal‐induced gelation were improved, and the surface roughness of gel microstructure was reduced. The protein conformation was stabilized by enhancing surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content, and the gels showed trends of decreasing α‐helix and increasing random coils. Correlation and cluster analysis showed that physicochemical properties of MP gels were closely related to the changes of protein structure and the denaturation of active groups. The molecular interaction between ADSP, PPI, and MP and the mechanism of enhancing the properties and functions of MP gel were further clarified. These findings highlight the feasibility of ADSP–PPI as an effective strategy to improve the quality of fish MP gel.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meiling Sheng, Chunlin Li, Weixing Zhang, Jing Nie, Hao Hu, Weidong Lou, Xunfei Deng, Shengzhi Shao, Xiaonan Lyu, Zhouqiao Ren, K. Rogers, Syed Abdul Wadood, Yongzhi Zhang, Yuwei Yuan
Effective geographical origin discrimination of Chinese rice requires a large database of samples to ensure sufficient data for origin verification at a regional scale. In this study, environmental similarity was used to establish a spatial database of rice nutrient element, and then the validity of the database was verified using the back propagation artificial neural networks modeling (BPNN). The spatial distribution model of 14 rice nutrient element (Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Rb, and Zn) on regional scale was built using an environmental similarity method for the first time. Elemental concentrations of 692 samples were used to build a simulated geographical origin prediction model for northeastern (N‐E), middle to lower Yangtze River plain (Y‐R), southwestern (S‐W), and southeastern (S‐E) in China. The results indicated that the performance of the environmental similarity model for these four growing regions was S‐W > N‐E > S‐E > Y‐R based on the lowest ranking root mean square error (RMSE) for each region. For example, the RMSEs of Zn in S‐W, N‐E, S‐E, and Y‐R regions were 2.0, 2.4, 2.7, and 3.7 mg/kg, respectively. A case study on the traceability of Japonica rice was shown that Japonica rice could be discriminated with higher origin accuracy using a simulated database (91.8%) than by the actual database (87.0%) using the BPNN model. This indicates that a simulated rice element database could improve the accuracy of geographical origin discrimination for Chinese rice and potentially be applied to other large national‐scale crop datasets.
{"title":"Predicting the geospatial distribution of Chinese rice nutrient element in regional scale for the geographical origin—A case study on the traceability of Japonica rice","authors":"Meiling Sheng, Chunlin Li, Weixing Zhang, Jing Nie, Hao Hu, Weidong Lou, Xunfei Deng, Shengzhi Shao, Xiaonan Lyu, Zhouqiao Ren, K. Rogers, Syed Abdul Wadood, Yongzhi Zhang, Yuwei Yuan","doi":"10.1002/fft2.445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.445","url":null,"abstract":"Effective geographical origin discrimination of Chinese rice requires a large database of samples to ensure sufficient data for origin verification at a regional scale. In this study, environmental similarity was used to establish a spatial database of rice nutrient element, and then the validity of the database was verified using the back propagation artificial neural networks modeling (BPNN). The spatial distribution model of 14 rice nutrient element (Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Rb, and Zn) on regional scale was built using an environmental similarity method for the first time. Elemental concentrations of 692 samples were used to build a simulated geographical origin prediction model for northeastern (N‐E), middle to lower Yangtze River plain (Y‐R), southwestern (S‐W), and southeastern (S‐E) in China. The results indicated that the performance of the environmental similarity model for these four growing regions was S‐W > N‐E > S‐E > Y‐R based on the lowest ranking root mean square error (RMSE) for each region. For example, the RMSEs of Zn in S‐W, N‐E, S‐E, and Y‐R regions were 2.0, 2.4, 2.7, and 3.7 mg/kg, respectively. A case study on the traceability of Japonica rice was shown that Japonica rice could be discriminated with higher origin accuracy using a simulated database (91.8%) than by the actual database (87.0%) using the BPNN model. This indicates that a simulated rice element database could improve the accuracy of geographical origin discrimination for Chinese rice and potentially be applied to other large national‐scale crop datasets.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Areca (Areca catechu L.) nut is a tropical plantation fruit cultivated mainly in South and Southeast Asia. As a chewing hobby, it has become the most common psychoactive substance in the world, besides tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine. Areca catechu contains abundant nutrients and active components such as alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, proteins, and vitamins, which have been reported to have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti‐depressant, anti‐hypertensive, anti‐fatigue, and other biological properties. However, at present, the resource utilization rate of the whole‐plant areca nut is low, which not only causes resource waste but also damages the environment. Establishing effective, safe, and environmentally friendly techniques and methods is necessary for the comprehensive utilization of A. catechu resources. In this review, we summarized the traditional and advanced methods for the extraction and identification of main bioactive substances in A. catechu and compared the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Furthermore, the possible trends and perspectives for future use of A. catechu are also discussed. Our objective is to extend the application of this bioactive ingredient to improve the added value, provide valuable information for developing new A. catechu products and derivatives, and improve the comprehensive utilization of areca nut resources.
阿雷卡（Areca catechu L.）坚果是一种热带种植水果，主要在南亚和东南亚种植。作为一种咀嚼嗜好，它已成为除烟草、酒精和咖啡因之外世界上最常见的精神活性物质。儿茶属植物含有丰富的营养物质和生物碱、多酚、多糖、蛋白质、维生素等活性成分，据报道具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、抗抑郁、抗高血压、抗疲劳等生物学特性。然而，目前全株猕猴桃的资源利用率较低，不仅造成资源浪费，还破坏了环境。建立有效、安全、环保的技术和方法是综合利用 A. catechu 资源的必要条件。在这篇综述中，我们总结了提取和鉴定儿茶中主要生物活性物质的传统和先进方法，并比较了这些方法的优缺点。此外，还讨论了儿茶属植物未来用途的可能趋势和前景。我们的目标是扩大这种生物活性成分的应用范围，提高其附加值，为开发新的儿茶树产品和衍生物提供有价值的信息，并提高对槟榔资源的综合利用。
{"title":"Extraction and identification of bioactive compounds from areca nut (Areca catechu L.) and potential for future applications","authors":"Ziyuan Guo, Zihan Wang, Yinghua Luo, Lingjun Ma, Xiaosong Hu, Fang Chen, Daotong Li, Min Jia","doi":"10.1002/fft2.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.443","url":null,"abstract":"Areca (Areca catechu L.) nut is a tropical plantation fruit cultivated mainly in South and Southeast Asia. As a chewing hobby, it has become the most common psychoactive substance in the world, besides tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine. Areca catechu contains abundant nutrients and active components such as alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, proteins, and vitamins, which have been reported to have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti‐depressant, anti‐hypertensive, anti‐fatigue, and other biological properties. However, at present, the resource utilization rate of the whole‐plant areca nut is low, which not only causes resource waste but also damages the environment. Establishing effective, safe, and environmentally friendly techniques and methods is necessary for the comprehensive utilization of A. catechu resources. In this review, we summarized the traditional and advanced methods for the extraction and identification of main bioactive substances in A. catechu and compared the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Furthermore, the possible trends and perspectives for future use of A. catechu are also discussed. Our objective is to extend the application of this bioactive ingredient to improve the added value, provide valuable information for developing new A. catechu products and derivatives, and improve the comprehensive utilization of areca nut resources.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Xia, Ding‐Tao Wu, Maratab Ali, Yi Liu, Qi‐Guo Zhuang, Syed Abdul Wadood, Qiu‐Hong Liao, Hong-Yan Liu, R. Gan
Being a respiratory climacteric fruit, kiwifruit is susceptible to age and decay rapidly in the postharvest stage. Therefore, the development of efficient postharvest methods to maintain the kiwifruit quality has been a long‐standing goal. This review summarizes the preservation and disease control methods of kiwifruit conducted over the past 5 years, and the characteristics, advantages, and action mechanisms of various methods are thoroughly discussed. Physical, chemical, and biotechnological methods, such as low‐temperature, essential oil, and endophytic yeast treatment, can enhance postharvest kiwifruit quality to a certain extent by controlling disease, delaying chilling injury, alleviating oxidative damage, inhibiting oversoftening and off‐flavor development. However, all these techniques have limitations per se, such as the inability to prevent secondary infections and potential side effects on human health. Novel approaches such as pulsed light and cold plasma or a synergistic application of several techniques may be the future direction for kiwifruit postharvest preservation.
{"title":"Innovative postharvest strategies for maintaining the quality of kiwifruit during storage: An updated review","authors":"Yu Xia, Ding‐Tao Wu, Maratab Ali, Yi Liu, Qi‐Guo Zhuang, Syed Abdul Wadood, Qiu‐Hong Liao, Hong-Yan Liu, R. Gan","doi":"10.1002/fft2.442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.442","url":null,"abstract":"Being a respiratory climacteric fruit, kiwifruit is susceptible to age and decay rapidly in the postharvest stage. Therefore, the development of efficient postharvest methods to maintain the kiwifruit quality has been a long‐standing goal. This review summarizes the preservation and disease control methods of kiwifruit conducted over the past 5 years, and the characteristics, advantages, and action mechanisms of various methods are thoroughly discussed. Physical, chemical, and biotechnological methods, such as low‐temperature, essential oil, and endophytic yeast treatment, can enhance postharvest kiwifruit quality to a certain extent by controlling disease, delaying chilling injury, alleviating oxidative damage, inhibiting oversoftening and off‐flavor development. However, all these techniques have limitations per se, such as the inability to prevent secondary infections and potential side effects on human health. Novel approaches such as pulsed light and cold plasma or a synergistic application of several techniques may be the future direction for kiwifruit postharvest preservation.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging research has shown that lactic acid bacteria in the intestines of newborns play a beneficial role in the growth, immune function, and metabolism of infants after birth. In this study, four strains of Lactobacillus were isolated from fecal samples of newborns, and a safe Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZFM518 (ZFM518) strain was obtained after the screening, which showed excellent antibacterial activity and adhesion potential. The strain exhibited excellent ability to survive in acidic environments, simulated gastric juice, and simulated intestinal environments, respectively. ZFM518 had a bacteriostatic zone of 31.12 ± 0.33 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, a hydrophobic rate of 76.97% ± 3.35%, and a survival activity of 96.54% ± 0.14% under a simulated intestinal fluid environment. Moreover, ZFM518 can produce up to 161.11 ± 9.67 ng/mL of folate. A genome‐wide investigation of ZFM518 revealed that the majority of its genes were involved in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, adhesion, immunological defense, and antibacterial activity. In addition, only one antibiotic resistance gene of the antimicrobial peptide was annotated. These results indicate that ZFM518 is a new strain with a strong comprehensive ability and probiotic potential. This study can provide practical support for screening potential probiotics from infant feces and provide a theoretical basis for developing probiotic resources.
{"title":"Probiotic characteristics and whole genome sequence analysis of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZFM518 isolated from infant feces","authors":"Yingjuan Zhang, Qingqing Zhou, Ziqi Chen, Zhongdu Ye, Ying Jin, Ping Li, Qing Gu","doi":"10.1002/fft2.444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.444","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research has shown that lactic acid bacteria in the intestines of newborns play a beneficial role in the growth, immune function, and metabolism of infants after birth. In this study, four strains of Lactobacillus were isolated from fecal samples of newborns, and a safe Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZFM518 (ZFM518) strain was obtained after the screening, which showed excellent antibacterial activity and adhesion potential. The strain exhibited excellent ability to survive in acidic environments, simulated gastric juice, and simulated intestinal environments, respectively. ZFM518 had a bacteriostatic zone of 31.12 ± 0.33 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, a hydrophobic rate of 76.97% ± 3.35%, and a survival activity of 96.54% ± 0.14% under a simulated intestinal fluid environment. Moreover, ZFM518 can produce up to 161.11 ± 9.67 ng/mL of folate. A genome‐wide investigation of ZFM518 revealed that the majority of its genes were involved in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, adhesion, immunological defense, and antibacterial activity. In addition, only one antibiotic resistance gene of the antimicrobial peptide was annotated. These results indicate that ZFM518 is a new strain with a strong comprehensive ability and probiotic potential. This study can provide practical support for screening potential probiotics from infant feces and provide a theoretical basis for developing probiotic resources.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eshita Sharma, M. Tewari, P. Sati, Isha Sharma, D. Attri, Supriyanka Rana, A. Aldahish, D. Calina, P. Dhyani, Javad Sharifi‐Rad, William C. Cho
The escalating global cancer burden underscores the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring compounds in plants, have garnered attention for their potential in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Their ability to modulate molecular mechanisms and influence cell signaling pathways offers a promising avenue for cancer management. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on phytochemicals’ chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential, focusing on their molecular mechanisms of action and impacts on cell signaling pathways involved in cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search strategy uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free‐text terms using Boolean operators to capture relevant studies. Inclusion criteria targeted original research and reviews on the effects of phytochemicals in cancer, with a specific focus on molecular mechanisms. Phytochemicals, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and terpenoids, demonstrated significant anticancer properties by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. They modulate critical cell signaling pathways, such as cyclooxygenase‐2, nuclear factor kappa B, and various growth factor‐related pathways, and rectify epigenetic alterations, contributing to their chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. Phytochemicals represent a valuable resource for developing novel cancer prevention and treatment strategies; their actions on molecular mechanisms and cell signaling pathways underscore their potential in cancer prevention and combat. Further research is warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications, optimizing phytochemical‐based interventions for cancer management.
全球癌症负担的不断加重凸显了对更有效治疗策略的迫切需求。植物化学物质是植物中天然存在的化合物，因其在癌症化学预防和化疗方面的潜力而备受关注。它们调节分子机制和影响细胞信号通路的能力为癌症治疗提供了一条前景广阔的途径。本综述旨在综合目前有关植物化学物化学预防和化学治疗潜力的知识，重点关注其分子作用机制以及对癌症相关细胞信号通路的影响。我们在主要数据库（包括 PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Google Scholar）中进行了系统的文献检索。搜索策略使用医学主题词表（MeSH）和自由文本术语，并使用布尔运算符捕捉相关研究。纳入标准以植物化学物质对癌症影响的原始研究和综述为目标，特别关注分子机制。植物化学物质（包括类黄酮、多酚和萜类化合物）通过诱导细胞周期停滞、细胞凋亡和自噬而显示出显著的抗癌特性。它们能调节关键的细胞信号通路，如环氧化酶-2、核因子卡巴 B 和各种生长因子相关通路，并纠正表观遗传学改变，从而产生化学预防和治疗效果。植物化学物质是开发新型癌症预防和治疗策略的宝贵资源；它们对分子机制和细胞信号通路的作用凸显了其在癌症预防和抗击方面的潜力。要将这些发现转化为临床应用，优化基于植物化学物质的癌症管理干预措施，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Serving up health: How phytochemicals transform food into medicine in the battle against cancer","authors":"Eshita Sharma, M. Tewari, P. Sati, Isha Sharma, D. Attri, Supriyanka Rana, A. Aldahish, D. Calina, P. Dhyani, Javad Sharifi‐Rad, William C. Cho","doi":"10.1002/fft2.439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.439","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating global cancer burden underscores the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring compounds in plants, have garnered attention for their potential in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Their ability to modulate molecular mechanisms and influence cell signaling pathways offers a promising avenue for cancer management. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on phytochemicals’ chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential, focusing on their molecular mechanisms of action and impacts on cell signaling pathways involved in cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search strategy uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free‐text terms using Boolean operators to capture relevant studies. Inclusion criteria targeted original research and reviews on the effects of phytochemicals in cancer, with a specific focus on molecular mechanisms. Phytochemicals, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and terpenoids, demonstrated significant anticancer properties by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. They modulate critical cell signaling pathways, such as cyclooxygenase‐2, nuclear factor kappa B, and various growth factor‐related pathways, and rectify epigenetic alterations, contributing to their chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. Phytochemicals represent a valuable resource for developing novel cancer prevention and treatment strategies; their actions on molecular mechanisms and cell signaling pathways underscore their potential in cancer prevention and combat. Further research is warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications, optimizing phytochemical‐based interventions for cancer management.","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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