A Se-hyperaccumulating plant Cardamine violifolia: From its nutritional value to potential applications in foods

Background

Cardamine violifolia, a Se hyperaccumulating plant distributed in the Wuling mountainous region of China, has garnered attention for its exceptional ability to accumulate Se, particularly in organic forms, making it a promising candidate for dietary Se supplementation. Recognizing this potential, the National Health Commission of China authorized it as a new food raw material in March 2021. However, limited research data on this plant has still impeded its full utilization.

Scope and approach

This review aims to comprehensively compile information from published reports on C. violifolia, summarizing its nutritional composition, Se speciation, bioactive properties, and highlighting its potential applications in food supply chain. Additionally, it addresses the research gaps surrounding this Se hyperaccumulating plant and provides suggestions for further research.

Key findings and conclusions

C. violifolia emerges as a plant with a well-balanced nutritional profile and a rich array of bioactive compounds. Its unique ability to convert external inorganic Se into distinct organic forms, notably selenolanthionine, positions it as a distinctive dietary Se supplement with diverse biological activities, including antioxidative, immunoregulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, etc. Recent evidence suggests that C. violifolia holds promise for direct human nutrition applications or indirect benefits through the production of Se-enriched high-quality animal-derived foods. However, further comprehensive research is essential to support the effective integration of C. violifolia into the food supply chain, particularly concerning the potential edible risks associated with its primary Se species, selenolanthionine, and its potential metabolites, both within the human body and indirectly from farm animals.