Urea-aided phase change thermal energy storage performance regulation for thermal management

Organic phase change cold storage materials show significant potential in various fields, including cold chain transportation, food and drug preservation, and battery thermal management. However, most organic phase change cold storage materials struggle with issues like difficult temperature control and flammability, which severely limit their application and development. In this study, by physically blending a modulated urea solution and alcohol with the polyethylene glycol lauryl ester (PLE), and adjusting the mass of urea and alcohol, a series of samples are prepared. Detailed characterization and analysis reveal that the prepared phase change materials (PCMs) possess excellent cold storage properties. These materials achieve precise control of melting temperatures ranging from −13.42 to −3.80 °C, with a maximum latent heat of melting of 85.12 J/g. Interestingly, this study reveals that seven groups of samples exhibit flame retardant effects. These properties are critical for enhancing the safety and efficiency of the materials in practical applications. This innovative approach not only addresses the temperature control and flammability issues but also expands the potential use of PCMs in various industries. Therefore, this study offers an effective method for developing advanced phase change cold storage materials, contributing to technological advancements in thermal management.