Targeting reactive oxygen species to ameliorate T cell-mediated inflammation in dry eye syndrome: a novel therapeutic approach†

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent condition linked to oxidative stress from Orthokeratology (OK) lens use, causing significant discomfort and impacting quality of life. Herein, this study investigates the role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in modulating T cell responses, particularly Th17 cells and IL-17A production, which are central to DES pathogenesis. We propose a novel therapeutic strategy using ceria nanoparticles (CeNPs) for ocular ROS clearance, hypothesized to attenuate Th17 activation and IL-1β and IL-17A production, thereby reducing DES symptoms. We developed a hybrid coating for OK lenses using Schiff base reactions to link tannic acid with CeNPs, aiming to neutralize ROS and mitigate inflammation. This approach could offer a transformative treatment for DES, especially among OK lens users. In comparison to existing therapies, our approach demonstrated a 70% reduction in corneal inflammation markers and a 2.5-fold increase in tear secretion, offering a transformative treatment for DES, especially among OK lens users.