{"title":"合成一种在聚酰胺 66 中具有高分散性的高效钛基阻燃剂","authors":"Ying Tao, Tianyu Liu, Ming Bao, Xiuyuan Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111085","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preparation of high-performance flame retardants specialized for melt-spinning polyamide 66 (PA66) fibers remains a big challenge nowadays. This study has synthesized a highly dispersed, phosphorus-containing titanocene complex, namely Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA). The synthesized flame retardant possesses high dispersibility and compatibility in PA66. Flammability tests show that Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) exhibits efficient flame retardancy in PA66. With the addition of 15 wt % of Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) in PA66, a LOI value of 29.9 % is achieved, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 36 % and 26 %, respectively, as compared to pure PA66. Based on the py-GC MS study and char analysis, Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) shows a dual-phase flame-retardant mechanism. In the gas phase, Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) releases the phosphorus-containing free radicals, which capture the highly reactive free radicals. While in the condensed phase, titanium promotes the phosphaphenanthrene fragments to degrade and retains phosphorus in the form of titanium phosphates, which reinforce the barrier effect and stability of the char layer. This work may provide an efficient flame retardant with promising applications in PA66, especially for the melt-spinning of fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 111085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The synthesis of an efficient titanium-based flame retardant with high dispersibility in polyamide 66\",\"authors\":\"Ying Tao, Tianyu Liu, Ming Bao, Xiuyuan Ni\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111085\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The preparation of high-performance flame retardants specialized for melt-spinning polyamide 66 (PA66) fibers remains a big challenge nowadays. This study has synthesized a highly dispersed, phosphorus-containing titanocene complex, namely Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA). The synthesized flame retardant possesses high dispersibility and compatibility in PA66. Flammability tests show that Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) exhibits efficient flame retardancy in PA66. With the addition of 15 wt % of Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) in PA66, a LOI value of 29.9 % is achieved, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 36 % and 26 %, respectively, as compared to pure PA66. Based on the py-GC MS study and char analysis, Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) shows a dual-phase flame-retardant mechanism. In the gas phase, Cp<sub>2</sub>Ti(DBA) releases the phosphorus-containing free radicals, which capture the highly reactive free radicals. While in the condensed phase, titanium promotes the phosphaphenanthrene fragments to degrade and retains phosphorus in the form of titanium phosphates, which reinforce the barrier effect and stability of the char layer. This work may provide an efficient flame retardant with promising applications in PA66, especially for the melt-spinning of fibers.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":406,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Polymer Degradation and Stability\",\"volume\":\"231 \",\"pages\":\"Article 111085\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Polymer Degradation and Stability\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391024004282\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"POLYMER SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391024004282","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
The synthesis of an efficient titanium-based flame retardant with high dispersibility in polyamide 66
The preparation of high-performance flame retardants specialized for melt-spinning polyamide 66 (PA66) fibers remains a big challenge nowadays. This study has synthesized a highly dispersed, phosphorus-containing titanocene complex, namely Cp2Ti(DBA). The synthesized flame retardant possesses high dispersibility and compatibility in PA66. Flammability tests show that Cp2Ti(DBA) exhibits efficient flame retardancy in PA66. With the addition of 15 wt % of Cp2Ti(DBA) in PA66, a LOI value of 29.9 % is achieved, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 36 % and 26 %, respectively, as compared to pure PA66. Based on the py-GC MS study and char analysis, Cp2Ti(DBA) shows a dual-phase flame-retardant mechanism. In the gas phase, Cp2Ti(DBA) releases the phosphorus-containing free radicals, which capture the highly reactive free radicals. While in the condensed phase, titanium promotes the phosphaphenanthrene fragments to degrade and retains phosphorus in the form of titanium phosphates, which reinforce the barrier effect and stability of the char layer. This work may provide an efficient flame retardant with promising applications in PA66, especially for the melt-spinning of fibers.
期刊介绍:
Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology.
Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal.
However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.