Exploring antidiabetic & antibacterial potential of Ag/MgO-NCs mediated via Ficus auriculata: Experimental and computational analysis

This study investigates the antidiabetic and antibacterial potential of Ag/MgO-nanocomposites (NCs) through a combined experimental and computational approach. The Ag/MgO-NCs were synthesized using the methanolic extract of Ficus.auriculata. Experimental characterization techniques including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and TEM revealed an average particle size of 21.29 nm. GC–MS analysis identified Oleic acid as the major component (85.71 %). Additionally, the antibacterial efficacy of Ag/MgO-NCs was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus typhii showing inhibition zones of up to 16 mm at 800 µg/mL. In vitro antidiabetic studies further demonstrated strong α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with IC₅₀ values of 230.4 µg/mL and 230.16 µg/mL respectively. Computational molecular docking studies revealed a high binding affinity having a docking score −6.353 kcal/mol against maltase-glucoamylase. Moreover, in silico ADMET analysis confirmed the drug-like properties of the NCs. This integrative experimental and computational study highlights the therapeutic potential of Ag/MgO-NCs for diabetes management and bacterial infection control.