调节长焰煤硬碳的微观结构以改善电化学储钠性能

IF 7.2 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Fuel Processing Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108159
Hai-Tao Zeng , Wei-Wei Kang , Bao-Lin Xing , Guang-Xu Huang , Qiang Li , Han Hu , Fang-Le Su , Jian-Bo Jia , Chuan-Xiang Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

来源广泛的高性能硬碳前驱体仍是钠离子电池产业化的一大挑战。本文采用长焰煤为前驱体,通过不同温度下的碳化制备硬质碳,并系统研究了碳化温度对硬质碳微观结构和电化学性能的影响。随着碳化温度的升高,硬碳的碳层间距、缺陷浓度和 C - O、CO 官能团均逐渐减小。在 1500 °C 下制备的硬碳(BHC-1500)具有 38% 的伪石墨碳,平均碳层间距为 0.360 nm,比表面积为 31.2 m2/g,并具有适当的缺陷浓度(ID1/IG 为 1.50)。作为阳极活性材料,BHC-1500 在 20 mA/g 条件下的比容量为 254 mAh/g,初始库仑效率为 79%,在 20-1000 mA/g 条件下的速率性能为 24.8%,在 500 mA/g 条件下循环 1000 次后的容量保持率为 72%,表明其具有优异的电化学储钠性能,这可能与最高比例的伪石墨碳、适当的碳层间距、官能团和缺陷浓度有关。原位 XRD 测试证实了硬碳中 "吸附-插层-填充 "的钠存储机理。该研究为长焰煤的清洁利用和开发高性能 SIB 负极活性材料提供了新思路。
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Microstructure modulation of hard carbon derived from long-flame coal to improve electrochemical sodium storage performances
Widely sourced precursors for hard carbon with high performances are still a major challenge for industrializing sodium-ion batteries. Herein, long-flame coal was adopted as the precursors to prepare hard carbon by carbonization at different temperatures, and the influences of carbonization temperatures on the microstructure together with electrochemical properties of hard carbon were systematically investigated. With elevating carbonization temperature, carbon layer spacing, defect concentration and C  O, CO functional groups of hard carbon all gradually decrease. The hard carbon prepared at 1500 °C (BHC-1500) demonstrates 38 % of the pseudo-graphite carbon with an average carbon layer spacing of 0.360 nm, a specific surface area of 31.2 m2/g and appropriate defect concentration (ID1/IG of 1.50). As anode active materials, BHC-1500 possesses a specific capacity of 254 mAh/g at 20 mA/g with initial coulombic efficiency of 79 %, a rate performance of 24.8% in 20-1000 mA/g, a capacity retention of 72 % after 1000 cycles at 500 mA/g, suggesting the excellent electrochemical sodium storage performances, which may be concerned with the highest proportion of pseudo-graphite carbon, appropriate carbon layer spacing, functional groups and defect concentration. The ex-situ XRD test confirms sodium storage mechanism of “adsorption-intercalation/filling” in hard carbon. This work can provide new ideas for clean utilization of long-flame coal and developing high performances anode active materials for SIBs.
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来源期刊
Fuel Processing Technology
Fuel Processing Technology 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
13.20
自引率
9.30%
发文量
398
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Fuel Processing Technology (FPT) deals with the scientific and technological aspects of converting fossil and renewable resources to clean fuels, value-added chemicals, fuel-related advanced carbon materials and by-products. In addition to the traditional non-nuclear fossil fuels, biomass and wastes, papers on the integration of renewables such as solar and wind energy and energy storage into the fuel processing processes, as well as papers on the production and conversion of non-carbon-containing fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia, are also welcome. While chemical conversion is emphasized, papers on advanced physical conversion processes are also considered for publication in FPT. Papers on the fundamental aspects of fuel structure and properties will also be considered.
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