Pattern of Uveitis in Northern Vietnam.

Purpose: To characterize the spectrum of uveitis in patients visiting three tertiary hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Methods: This study collected prospective and multicenter data from patients diagnosed with uveitis at three tertiary hospitals in Hanoi City, Vietnam, between January 2022 and January 2024. Data on age, sex, clinical and laboratory findings, and etiology were collected.

Results: Of 410 patients included, 54.6% were women. The mean age of patients was 39.9 years. Most cases were unilateral and chronic. Anterior uveitis was the most common case (40%), followed by panuveitis (30%), posterior uveitis (26.1%), and intermediate uveitis (3.9%). Undifferentiated uveitis, accounting for 32%, was the most prevalent form across all anatomical groups. The leading etiologies for anterior uveitis included Posner-Schlossman syndrome (18.5%), cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced uveitis (11%), and Herpes simplex virus-induced uveitis (8.5%). For posterior uveitis, the primary causes were Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome (17.8%), toxocariasis (10.3%), and toxoplasmosis (6.5%). The identified causes of panuveitis included VKH syndrome (24.4%), Behcet's disease (15.4%), and CMV-induced panuveitis (5.7%). We observed six cases of uveitis associated with Haemophilus influenzae (1.5%) without any concomitant systemic symptoms. In our patient population, the most common complication was cataract (11.2%), followed by uveitic macular edema (11%).

Conclusions: Various uveitis patterns were observed among Vietnamese patients, with non-infectious uveitis being predominant.