Investigation of the structural, optical dispersion, and optoelectrical characteristics of PVA/PVP/V2O5 nanocomposites for optoelectronic devices

PVA/PVP (80/20 wt%) films containing various concentrations of V₂O₅ NPs (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt%) were prepared. This study explores the effect of varying concentrations of V₂O₅ NPs on the structural, optical, and optoelectrical properties of biodegradable PVA/PVP blends. The V₂O₅ NPs have a crystallite size value of 37.5 nm, and the crystallite size of PVA/PVP/V₂O₅ films increases with the increase in V₂O₅ NPs concentrations. FTIR spectra investigated the functional groups of PVA/PVP/V₂O₅ films. The direct band gap for the PVA/PVP blend (80/20 wt%) was 3.4 eV and decreased to 2.48 eV for the PVA/PVP blend doped with 3 wt% of V₂O₅ NPs. At the same time, the indirect band gap value for pure PVA/PVP blend was 3.06 eV and decreased to 2.16 eV for PVA/PVP blend doped with 3 wt% of V₂O₅ NPs. The PVP/PVA film has an E_u value of 0.85 eV, and the Eu values rise gradually from 0.85 to 3.65 eV as the V₂O₅ NPs content in the PVP/PVA matrix boosts from 0 to 3 wt%. Furthermore, the refractive index and extinction coefficient variation for the PVA/PVP/V₂O₅ nanocomposites as a function of V₂O₅ NPs content was addressed. Additionally, the impact of V₂O₅ NPs contents on the dispersive and oscillator energies was displayed. The results revealed that doping with V₂O₅ NPs increases the number of free carriers from 2.38 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ to 7.48 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³. Meanwhile, the optoelectrical parameters such as plasma frequency (ω_p), relaxation time (τ), and optical mobility were computed. The optical and opto-electrical characteristics suggest that the PVA/PVP/V₂O₅ films suit optoelectronic devices and optical switching applications.