A semi-supervised deep neuro-fuzzy iterative learning system for automatic segmentation of hippocampus brain MRI.

The hippocampus is a small, yet intricate seahorse-shaped tiny structure located deep within the brain's medial temporal lobe. It is a crucial component of the limbic system, which is responsible for regulating emotions, memory, and spatial navigation. This research focuses on automatic hippocampus segmentation from Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of a human head with high accuracy and fewer false positive and false negative rates. This segmentation technique is significantly faster than the manual segmentation methods used in clinics. Unlike the existing approaches such as UNet and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), the proposed algorithm generates an image that is similar to a real image by learning the distribution much more quickly by the semi-supervised iterative learning algorithm of the Deep Neuro-Fuzzy (DNF) technique. To assess its effectiveness, the proposed segmentation technique was evaluated on a large dataset of 18,900 images from Kaggle, and the results were compared with those of existing methods. Based on the analysis of results reported in the experimental section, the proposed scheme in the Semi-Supervised Deep Neuro-Fuzzy Iterative Learning System (SS-DNFIL) achieved a 0.97 Dice coefficient, a 0.93 Jaccard coefficient, a 0.95 sensitivity (true positive rate), a 0.97 specificity (true negative rate), a false positive value of 0.09 and a 0.08 false negative value when compared to existing approaches. Thus, the proposed segmentation techniques outperform the existing techniques and produce the desired result so that an accurate diagnosis is made at the earliest stage to save human lives and to increase their life span.