从油砂、石油焦粉煤灰中回收钒的综合技术经济评价。

IF 7.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Waste management Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.018
M. Baritto, A.O. Oni, A. Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沥青衍生的石油焦含有大量的钒,可以从燃烧过程中形成的飞灰中回收。尽管人们努力从石油焦中回收钒,但对利益相关者和决策者至关重要的详细成本信息仍未公开。为了解决这一差距,我们开发了专门用于从石油焦粉煤灰中回收钒的数据密集型技术经济模型。考虑的路线包括NaCl焙烧,然后是水浸和钒沉淀。通过过程建模,我们进行了材料和能量平衡,确定了设备尺寸,评估了资本和运营成本,并确定了钒成本。例如,一家每年处理16000吨粉煤灰的工厂以18.77美元/公斤V2O5的价格回收了404吨五氧化钒。运营费用占回收总成本的88%,主要由人工、气体清洗、固废处理、原料和耗材等组成。规模因子的发展表明,生产成本随工厂规模的变化而变化;目前,成本超过了市场价格,但如果将产能增加三倍,就可以实现盈利。不确定性分析表明,每公斤V2O5的钒成本在16.88美元至25.80美元之间,平均为21.15美元/公斤V2O5。主要的成本驱动因素包括废气中的碳去除、流上因素和固体废物管理。诸如粉煤灰脱碳的替代方法和在商业应用中使用浸出固体饼等策略可以大大降低生产成本。
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Vanadium recovery from oil sands petcoke fly ash: A comprehensive techno-economic assessment
Bitumen-derived petcoke contains significant quantities of vanadium, recoverable from the fly ash formed during combustion. Despite efforts to process vanadium recovery from petcoke, detailed cost information, critical for stakeholders and decision-makers, remains absent in the public domain. To address this gap, we developed data-intensive techno-economic models specifically for vanadium recovery from petcoke fly ash. The considered route involves roasting with NaCl, followed by water-leaching and vanadium precipitation. Through process modeling, we performed material and energy balances, sized equipment, assessed capital and operating costs, and determined the vanadium cost. For instance, a plant processing 16,000 tonnes of fly ash annually recovers 404 tonnes of vanadium pentoxide at $18.77/kg V2O5. Operating expenses constitute 88% of the total recovery cost, dominated by labor, gas cleaning, solid waste disposal, feedstock, and consumables. The developed scale factors reveal that production costs vary with plant size; currently, the cost exceeds market prices, but profitability could be achieved with a threefold increase in capacity. Uncertainty analysis indicates a vanadium cost ranging from $16.88 to $25.80 per kg V2O5, with a mean of $21.15/kg V2O5. Key cost drivers include carbon removal from off-gases, the on-stream factor, and solid waste management. Strategies such as alternative means of fly ash decarbonization and the use of leaching solid cake in commercial applications could significantly reduce production costs.
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来源期刊
Waste management
Waste management 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
15.60
自引率
6.20%
发文量
492
审稿时长
39 days
期刊介绍: Waste Management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid wastes,it covers the entire lifecycle of solid. wastes. Scope: Addresses solid wastes in both industrialized and economically developing countries Covers various types of solid wastes, including: Municipal (e.g., residential, institutional, commercial, light industrial) Agricultural Special (e.g., C and D, healthcare, household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)
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