Antimicrobial-resistant Bacteria Arising from the Use of Colistin Sulfate in the Livestock (2nd edition) (Antimicrobial-resistant Bacteria).

The Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) updated a risk assessment on antimicrobial-resistant bacteria arising from the use of a veterinary medicinal product, colistin sulfate, in cattle and pigs, according to the "Assessment Guideline for the Effect of Food on Human Health Regarding Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Selected by Antimicrobial Use in Food-producing Animals" (FSCJ, September 30, 2004). Both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (Salmonella) were potential antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. In cases of occurrences of human infectious diseases due to the bacteria in foods derived from livestock, these resistant bacteria could be responsible for reduction or loss of the antibiotic treatment efficacy. FSCJ thus conducted a risk assessment of E. coli and Salmonella as identified hazards. FSCJ judged to be low on the occurrence probability and extent of selection of drug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, due to the use of colistin sulfate in cattle and pigs, unless otherwise the use of colistin increases. The chance and extent of human exposure to the resistant bacteria were evaluated low via livestock products including pigs and cattle, as long as proper cooking practice is implemented. The degree of possible reduction or loss of clinical effectiveness against E. coli and Salmonella was evaluated as moderate. The overall estimation of the risk regarding reduction or loss of clinical effectiveness of antimicrobials in humans was low. It is necessary to keep up with the latest scientific findings and information.