Superoxide dismutase 1 expression is modulated by the core pluripotency transcription factors Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog in embryonic stem cells

Redox homeostasis is vital for cellular functions and to prevent the detrimental consequences of oxidative stress. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have an enhanced antioxidant system which supports the preservation of their genome. Besides, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are proposed to be involved in both self-renewal maintenance and in differentiation in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Increasing evidence shows that cellular systems related to the oxidative stress defense decline along differentiation of PSCs. Although redox homeostasis has been extensively studied for many years, the knowledge about the transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in these systems is still limited. In this work, we studied Sod1 gene modulation by the PSCs fundamental transcription factors Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. We found that this gene, which is expressed in mouse ESCs (mESCs), was repressed when they were induced to differentiate. Accordingly, these factors induced Sod1 promoter activity in a trans-activation assay. Finally, Sod1 mRNA levels were reduced when Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog were down-regulated by a shRNA approach in mESCs. Taken together, we found that PSCs' key transcription factors are involved in the modulation of Sod1 gene, suggesting a relationship between the pluripotency core and redox homeostasis in these cells.