Desmedipham(杀虫剂)。

Food safety (Tokyo, Japan) Pub Date : 2018-09-28 eCollection Date: 2018-09-01 DOI:10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.2017018s
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引用次数: 0

摘要

日本食品安全委员会(FSCJ)根据多项研究结果,对氨基甲酸酯类除草剂地菊醚(CAS No. 13684-56-5)进行了风险评估。地地黄的主要不良反应是抑制体重、溶血性贫血、高铁血红蛋白血症和甲状腺滤泡细胞肥大。没有观察到地米黄的致癌性、生殖毒性和与人类健康相关的遗传毒性。在大鼠发育毒性研究中,具有母体毒性剂量的地米地黄可引起颌骨畸形、腭裂等外部异常,室间隔缺损等内脏异常,胸骨缺损、胸椎半中心排列不对称等骨骼异常。家兔未见致畸作用。在所有研究中获得的最低无观察效应水平(NOAEL)为3.2 mg/kg bw/day,对大鼠进行了两年的慢性毒性/致癌性联合研究。FSCJ规定了0.032毫克/千克体重/天的可接受(ADI),对NOAEL应用100的安全系数。单次口服地米黄引起的最低NOAEL为90 mg/kg体重/天,这一结果来自兔的发育毒性研究(表2中的第二项研究)。因此,FSCJ规定急性参考剂量(ARfD)为0.9 mg/kg体重,NOAEL的安全系数为100。
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Desmedipham (Pesticides).

Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) conducted a risk assessment of desmedipham (CAS No. 13684-56-5), a carbanilate herbicides, based on results from various studies. Major adverse effects of desmedipham were suppressed body weight, hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia and follicular cell hypertrophy in thyroid. Neither carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, nor genotoxicity relevant to human health was observed on desmedipham. Desmedipham, at the dose with maternal toxicity, caused external anomalies such as mandibular malformation and cleft palate, visceral anomalies such as ventricular septum defect, and skeletal anomalies such as defect of sternum and asymmetric alignment of seternebral hemicentres in developmental toxicity studies in rats. No teratogenetic effects were observed in rabbits. The lowest no-observed-effect level (NOAEL) obtained in all studies was 3.2 mg/kg bw/day in a two-year combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity in rats. FSCJ specified an acceptable (ADI) of 0.032 mg/kg bw/day, applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL. The lowest NOAEL for adverse effects elicited by a single oral administration of desmedipham was 90 mg/kg bw/day obtained from the developmental toxicity study in rabbits (the 2nd study in the Table 2). Consequently, FSCJ specified an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 0.9 mg/kg bw applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL.

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