父母的存在影响 5-7 岁儿童焦虑的神经相关因素(晚期积极潜能):与父母对儿童焦虑的敏感性之间的相互作用。

Taylor N Day, Lyndsey J Chong, Alexandria Meyer
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引用次数: 2

摘要

焦虑症往往在发育早期发病,并经常导致整个生命周期的慢性损伤。因此,人们对确定焦虑的早期神经标志物并利用这些标志物更好地了解导致焦虑的过程非常感兴趣。晚期正电位(即 LPP)是对动机相关刺激的持续注意的指标;焦虑症患者对负面图像的晚期正电位会增加。在本研究中,我们研究了父母的存在如何影响 5 至 7 岁儿童(52.6% 为男性)(78 人)对威胁性图像的 LPP。此外,我们还探讨了父母对儿童焦虑症状的敏感性与 LPP 的相互作用。结果表明,当父母在场时(与实验者在场时相比),儿童对威胁性图像表现出更大的 LPP。LPP活动受父母对孩子焦虑症状反应的调节,因此,父母对孩子焦虑症状反应过度的孩子,在父母在场的情况下观看威胁性刺激时,LPP反应最大。此外,探索性分析表明,患有临床和亚临床焦虑症的儿童对负面图像的 LPP 反应增强,但只有在父母在场的情况下测量 LPP 时才会出现这种情况。这些研究结果很新颖,并扩展了之前的研究,表明父母在观察到孩子的焦虑症状时会做出强烈反应,这反过来会增加孩子对威胁性刺激的参与度,从而使他们面临更大的焦虑风险。
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Parental Presence Impacts a Neural Correlate of Anxiety (the Late Positive Potential) in 5-7 Year Old Children: Interactions with Parental Sensitivity to Child Anxiety.

Anxiety disorders tend to onset early in development and often result in chronic impairment across the lifespan. Thus, there is substantial interest in identifying early neural markers of anxiety and leveraging these markers to better understand processes leading to anxiety. The late positive potential (i.e., LPP) indexes sustained attention to motivationally relevant stimuli; and the LPP to negative images is increased in individuals with anxiety. In the current study, we examined how parental presence impacts the LPP to threatening images in children (52.6% male) between 5 and 7 years-old (N = 78). Moreover, we explored interactions with parental sensitivity to child anxiety symptoms. Results suggest that when children are in the presence of their parent (compared to the presence of an experimenter), they displayed a larger LPP to threatening images. LPP activity was modulated by parental response to their child's anxiety symptoms, such that children with parents who were overly reactive to their children's anxiety symptoms had the greatest LPP response when viewing threatening stimuli in their parent's presence. Additionally, exploratory analyses indicated that children with clinical and subclinical anxiety were characterized by an increased LPP to negative images, but only when the LPP was measured with parents in the room. Findings are novel and extend previous work by suggesting that parents who react strongly when observing their children's anxiety symptoms in turn increase their child's engagement with threatening stimuli, thereby placing them at greater risk for anxiety.

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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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