社区暴力暴露与青少年攻击:工作记忆的调节作用。

Rafaella J Jakubovic, Deborah A G Drabick
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引用次数: 8

摘要

社区暴力暴露(CVE)与青少年的攻击性有关,特别是那些居住在低收入城市社区的青少年。然而,并非所有经历CVE的年轻人都表现出攻击性。工作记忆困难可能会干扰非攻击性反应的归因或提取,这表明工作记忆的个体差异可能有助于经历CVE的青少年的主动和/或反应性攻击。研究对象为104名低收入城市青年(M = 9.92±1.22岁;男性50.5%;95%是非裔美国人)。青年报告了社区中直接受害和目睹暴力的频率,并完成了两项世界监测任务。教师报告了青少年的主动攻击和被动攻击。WM调节了直接受害与主动和反应性攻击、目睹暴力与反应性攻击之间的关系。在报告较少受害和目击的青少年中,较低的WM与较高水平的主动和反应性攻击相关。在报告更频繁的直接受害的青少年中,较低的WM与较高水平的主动攻击有关。无论WM水平如何,主动性和反应性攻击水平在报告更频繁目击的青少年中相似。WM代表了早期识别和干预工作的潜在目标,以减少CVE风险较高的低收入城市青年的反应性和主动性攻击。
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Community Violence Exposure and Youth Aggression: The Moderating Role of Working Memory.

Community violence exposure (CVE) is associated with aggression among youth, particularly those who reside in low-income, urban neighborhoods. However, not all youth who experience CVE exhibit aggression. Working memory (WM) difficulties may interfere with attributions or retrieval of nonaggressive responses, suggesting that individual differences in WM may contribute to proactive and/or reactive aggression among youth who experience CVE. Participants were 104 low-income, urban youth (M = 9.92 ± 1.22 years old; 50.5% male; 95% African American). Youth reported on frequency of direct victimization and witnessing of violence in the community and completed two WM tasks. Teachers reported on youth proactive and reactive aggression. WM moderated the relation between direct victimization and proactive and reactive aggression, and between witnessing violence and reactive aggression. Among youth reporting less frequent victimization and witnessing, lower WM was associated with higher levels of proactive and reactive aggression. Among youth reporting more frequent direct victimization, lower WM was associated with higher levels of proactive aggression. Proactive and reactive aggression levels were similar among youth reporting more frequent witnessing regardless of WM levels. WM represents a potential target for early identification and intervention efforts to reduce reactive and proactive aggression among low-income, urban youth who are at elevated risk for CVE.

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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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