青少年危险行为、家庭凝聚力、暴力暴露与心理健康的纵向关系

Nada M Goodrum, Daniel W Smith, Rochelle F Hanson, Angela D Moreland, Benjamin E Saunders, Dean G Kilpatrick
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引用次数: 13

摘要

暴力是一个与青少年心理健康问题有关的公共卫生问题,危险行为增加了遭受暴力的可能性。家庭凝聚力可以减弱风险行为的负面影响。本研究的目的是检验家庭凝聚力在危险行为(物质使用和犯罪)和暴力暴露之间的调节作用,并探讨凝聚力、暴力暴露和随后的心理健康结果(创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症)之间的纵向关联。数据来自全国青少年调查-复制,这是一个具有全国代表性的3604名青少年样本,数据通过结构化电话访谈收集,为期两年,分三次进行。采用纵向结构方程模型对假设进行检验。研究结果显示,高家庭凝聚力减弱了风险行为与随后的暴力暴露之间的关系。第二波暴力暴露与更多的第三波心理健康问题有关,但高度的家庭凝聚力与较少的后续症状有关。后续分析显示,家庭凝聚力调节了风险行为与经历暴力之间的关系,但没有调节目睹暴力的关系。观察到若干人口统计学关联。虽然危险行为增加了遭受暴力的机会,进而增加了精神健康问题,但家庭凝聚力可以作为一种保护因素,减弱了危险行为与随后的负面后果之间的联系。即使考虑到人口统计和社会经济协变量,这种效应也会出现。针对青少年的干预措施应以家庭关系为目标,将其作为一种保护因素,以减少遭受暴力的风险和心理健康问题,特别是对从事高风险行为的青少年而言。
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Longitudinal Relations among Adolescent Risk Behavior, Family Cohesion, Violence Exposure, and Mental Health in a National Sample.

Violence is a public health concern linked with mental health problems among adolescents, and risk behavior increases the likelihood of violence exposure. Family cohesion may attenuate the negative effects of risk behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine family cohesion as a moderator in the relation between risk behavior (substance use and delinquency) and violence exposure, and to explore longitudinal associations among cohesion, violence exposure, and subsequent mental health outcomes (PTSD and depression). Data were drawn from the National Survey of Adolescents-Replication, a nationally representative sample of 3604 adolescents, with data collected via structured phone interviews at three waves spanning a two-year period. Hypotheses were tested using longitudinal structural equation modeling. Findings revealed that high family cohesion attenuated the relation between risk behavior and subsequent violence exposure. Wave 2 violence exposure was associated with more Wave 3 mental health problems, but high family cohesion was related to fewer subsequent symptoms. Follow-up analyses revealed that family cohesion moderated the relation between risk behavior and experiencing, but not witnessing, violence. Several demographic associations were observed. Although risk behavior increases exposure to violence, and in turn, mental health problems, family cohesion may serve as a protective factor, attenuating the link between risk behavior and subsequent negative consequences. This effect emerged even when accounting for demographic and socioeconomic covariates. Interventions with adolescents should target family relationships as a protective factor to reduce risk of violence exposure and mental health problems, particularly for adolescents who are engaging in high-risk behaviors.

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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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